gene expression analysis – Page 2

In vitro Selection of Synbiotics and in vivo Investigation of Growth Indices, Reproduction Performance, Survival, and Ovarian Cyp19α Gene Expression in Zebrafish Danio rerio

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Scientists tested a combination of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus strains) mixed with mushroom extract as a food supplement for farmed fish. After 4 months of feeding this supplement to zebrafish, the fish grew faster, converted food more efficiently, and showed improved reproductive capability with increased egg production. The mushroom extract helped the beneficial bacteria thrive and function better, suggesting this natural supplement could improve fish farming outcomes.

Effects of Temperature, pH, and Relative Humidity on Growth of Penicillium crustosum OM1 Isolated from Pears and Its Penitrem A Production

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Researchers found that a mold called Penicillium crustosum produces a dangerous neurotoxin called penitrem A that can contaminate pears and other foods. The study showed that this mold grows best at cool temperatures (25°C) but produces the most toxin at slightly cooler temperatures (22°C) with neutral acidity and high moisture levels. Understanding these conditions helps us develop better strategies to prevent this toxin from contaminating the fresh fruit we eat.

Antifungal Potential of Streptomyces-Derived Metabolites Against Fluconazole-Resistant Oral Candida albicans: In vitro Evaluation and Mechanistic Insights

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Researchers studied a type of soil bacteria called Streptomyces that produces natural compounds with strong antifungal properties. These compounds effectively killed drug-resistant Candida fungal infections that commonly affect cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. The bacterial extract worked by damaging fungal cell membranes and blocking biofilm formation, which are protective structures the fungus uses to survive. While the results are promising for treating stubborn fungal infections, more research is needed to ensure safety for human patients.

In vitro activity of seven antifungal agents against Fusarium oxysporum and expression of related regulatory genes

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Researchers tested seven different antifungal medications to find the best treatment for a fungal disease that damages corn crops. Epoxiconazole worked best as a single treatment, but combining pyraclostrobin and difenoconazole together was even more effective. These medications work by interfering with the fungus’s ability to survive and infect corn, making them promising options for protecting corn crops.

Cinchona-based liquid formulation exhibits antifungal activity through Tryptophan starvation and disruption of mitochondrial respiration in Rhizoctonia Solani

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Scientists discovered that a liquid extract from Cinchona bark, which contains quinine, can effectively kill a fungus that damages rice crops. The treatment works by blocking the fungus’s ability to absorb tryptophan (an important amino acid) and damaging its energy-producing mitochondria. When tryptophan was added back to the treatment, the fungus recovered, confirming this is the main way the extract works. This natural, plant-based approach could provide an eco-friendly alternative to chemical fungicides while reducing the risk of the fungus developing resistance.

Integrated transcriptome and metabolome profiling reveals mechanisms underlying the infection of Cytospora mali in “Jin Hong” branches

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This research examined how apple trees defend themselves against a serious fungal disease called Valsa canker caused by Cytospora mali. Scientists used advanced genetic and chemical analysis techniques to identify which genes and protective compounds are activated when apple branches are infected. They found that healthy apple trees fight the infection by strengthening their cell walls, producing special protective enzymes, and accumulating defense chemicals like α-linolenic acid and betaine. These discoveries could help develop better ways to prevent or manage this destructive disease in apple orchards.

Asymmetric mitonuclear interactions trigger transgressive inheritance and mitochondria-dependent heterosis in hybrids of the model system Pleurotus ostreatus

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This research examines how mushroom hybrids inherit different combinations of genes from their parents, specifically looking at genes in the nucleus versus the mitochondria (cellular energy factories). When mushrooms with mismatched nuclear and mitochondrial genes are crossed, some grow slowly and show stress, while others surprisingly grow very well. The study identifies which genes are activated under these conditions and how they affect mushroom production quality and yield.

Study of the antagonistic relationship between gene expression biofilm of Aspergillus niger and Staphylococcus aureus that cause otomycosis

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Researchers studied how bacteria (S. aureus) and fungi (A. niger) interact when both infect the ear canal, a condition called otomycosis. They found that bacteria significantly suppress the fungus’s ability to form protective biofilms by reducing the expression of genes needed for fungal growth. This antagonistic relationship suggests that mixed infections might actually be easier to treat than pure fungal infections, offering new insights for managing ear infections.

Precise Magnetic Stimulation of the Paraventricular Nucleus Improves Sociability in a Mouse Model of ASD

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Researchers developed a new magnetic stimulation technique using tiny iron nanoparticles to precisely target a specific brain region called the paraventricular nucleus. When stimulated at 10 Hz, this region releases oxytocin, a hormone that improves social behavior. In mice with autism-like symptoms, one week of this treatment significantly improved their sociability and reduced anxiety, offering a promising non-invasive therapy for autism.

Selection of reliable reference genes in Colletotrichum scovillei during different growth stages, host interactions, and plant extract treatment for qRT-PCR

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Researchers identified the best internal control genes for measuring fungal gene expression in Colletotrichum scovillei, a fungus that causes serious disease in chili peppers. Different genes worked best under different conditions: one for normal growth, another during infection, and a third when treated with plant extracts. This discovery will help scientists study how this fungus develops and causes disease, potentially leading to better ways to control it using natural plant-based treatments.

Research Keyword: gene expression analysis