food safety – Page 9

In Vitro Screening of the Antifungal and Antimycotoxin Effects of a Stilbenoids-Rich Grapevine Cane Extract on Fusarium graminearum, Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium expansum

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This study tested a natural extract from grapevine pruning waste to see if it could stop three dangerous fungi that produce harmful toxins in crops. The extract worked well at stopping both fungal growth and toxin production, with effects that lasted even after the extract was removed. These results suggest that grapevine waste could be turned into a natural fungicide to protect crops from contamination.

Genomic Insights into Vaccinium spp. Endophytes B. halotolerans and B. velezensis and Their Antimicrobial Potential

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Scientists discovered that wild berries like blueberries, cranberries, and lingonberries contain beneficial bacteria that can fight harmful fungi and bacteria. These bacteria produce natural antimicrobial compounds similar to how antibiotics work, making them promising candidates for protecting crops without chemical pesticides. The bacteria also help plants absorb nutrients and cope with stress, offering multiple benefits for sustainable agriculture.

Design of a melting curve analysis (MCA) based on multiplex real-time PCR for detection of Aspergillus terreus and Aspergillus fumigatus in cereals and oilseeds samples

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This study developed a fast molecular test using real-time PCR to detect harmful Aspergillus fungi in grains and seeds. Instead of waiting 3-5 days for traditional culture methods, this new test can identify the fungi in just hours by detecting specific DNA patterns. The test was tested on 140 samples of cereals and oilseeds and proved more accurate than traditional methods, making it useful for food safety in markets and processing plants.

Molecular identification and mycotoxins analysis of some fungal isolates from postharvest decayed apple in Qena, Egypt

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Apples stored after harvest can be infected by blue mold fungi that produce toxic substances called mycotoxins. Researchers in Egypt identified five fungal strains from rotted apples and measured the amounts of two dangerous toxins they produce. The findings show that these fungi can cause significant food safety risks and economic losses, highlighting the need for better storage and handling practices.

Modeling Temperature Requirements for Growth and Toxin Production of Alternaria spp. Associated with Tomato

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Researchers studied how temperature affects three types of Alternaria fungi that infect tomatoes and produce harmful toxins. They found that warm temperatures between 25-30°C are best for fungal growth and toxin production, though different species prefer slightly different temperatures. The study created mathematical formulas to predict when these fungi will contaminate tomatoes, which could help farmers prevent losses and protect food safety.

Mechanism of Enzyme Activity Regulation and Strain-Specific Response of Lentinula edodes Cultivation Adaptability Under Peach Wood Substrate

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This study shows that shiitake mushrooms can be successfully grown on peach wood waste from orchards, which reduces costs and helps the environment. While high amounts of peach wood initially slow mushroom growth, the mushrooms adapt through natural enzyme changes that boost final yields. The resulting mushrooms have better nutrition and remain safe to eat, making this an excellent way to use agricultural waste sustainably.

Updated safety evaluation of the food enzyme AMP deaminase from the non‐genetically modified Streptomyces murinus strain AE‐DNTS

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This study evaluated the safety of an enzyme called AMP deaminase that is used in food processing, particularly for making yeast products and mushroom extracts. Researchers tested the enzyme for genetic damage and toxicity using laboratory studies. The results showed the enzyme is safe for use in food manufacturing at the recommended levels, with a very large safety margin between the amounts used in food and amounts that might cause harm.

Characterization of Fusarium Diversity and Head Microbiota Associated with Rice Spikelet Rot Disease

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Rice spikelet rot disease is a serious problem affecting rice crops in China. Researchers identified five different Fusarium fungal species causing this disease in the Hangzhou region. The study found that two fungal species work together to cause the disease, and that temperature affects how well the fungi grow. Understanding which fungi are present locally will help farmers develop better strategies to prevent and control this damaging disease.

Fruit and Vegetable Production

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This editorial reviews research on improving how fruits and vegetables are grown, harvested, and stored. Scientists studied various methods like using special water treatments, different soil mixtures, and natural soil microbes to help plants grow better and produce more nutritious food. New technologies like special cameras can now check fruit quality without damaging them. The research shows that by working together, farmers and scientists can grow healthier, more nutritious fruits and vegetables while reducing the need for chemical inputs.

Microbiome Analysis Reveals Biocontrol of Aspergillus and Mycotoxin Mitigation in Maize by the Growth-Promoting Fungal Endophyte Colletotrichum tofieldiae Ct0861

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Researchers discovered that a beneficial fungal endophyte called Colletotrichum tofieldiae can protect maize crops from contamination by harmful Aspergillus fungi that produce dangerous toxins called aflatoxins. When maize plants were treated with this endophyte either through seed coating or leaf spraying, they grew better and produced higher yields while also experiencing a dramatic 90% reduction in fungal contamination and extremely low aflatoxin levels. The protection mechanism appears to work indirectly by boosting the plant’s own defense systems rather than through direct combat with the pathogenic fungus, offering a sustainable and safe solution for improving crop quality and food safety.

Research Keyword: food safety