Research Keyword: epidemiology

Epidemiology of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients in northwest Iran: Rhizopus arrhizus as the predominant species

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This study found that COVID-19 patients in northwestern Iran who received high-dose steroid treatment developed serious fungal infections called mucormycosis. The infection was caused primarily by a fungus called Rhizopus arrhizus and affected mainly the sinuses and brain. The steroids used to treat COVID-19 weakened patients’ immune systems and triggered diabetes, both of which made them vulnerable to this dangerous fungal infection.

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Five-Year Retrospective Analysis of Superficial Fungal Infections: Insights from Hospital Experience

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This study examined fungal skin infections in over 3,900 patients at a Serbian military hospital over five years. Researchers found that common fungi like Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. rubrum caused most infections, with patterns varying by season, patient gender, and body location. Men were more likely to have foot infections while women showed more diverse fungal types. The findings suggest doctors should use more precise identification methods like MALDI-TOF testing to prescribe better treatments and help prevent recurring infections.

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Invasive Candidiasis in Contexts of Armed Conflict, High Violence, and Forced Displacement in Latin America and the Caribbean (2005–2025)

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This comprehensive review examines candida fungal infections in conflict-affected areas of Latin America and the Caribbean, where wars, violence, and displacement create dangerous conditions that make infections more likely and harder to treat. In these regions, mortality from candida bloodstream infections reaches 65% or higher among displaced populations, compared to about 45-60% in regular hospitals. The main problems are lack of proper diagnostic equipment, limited access to effective antifungal medications, malnutrition, overcrowding in shelters, and the emergence of drug-resistant fungal strains.

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Clinical, Laboratory, and Biomarker Predictors of 90-Day Mortality in Non-HIV, Non-Transplant Pneumocystis Pneumonia

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This study examined pneumocystis pneumonia in immunocompromised patients who do not have HIV or transplants. Researchers found that older patients with other health conditions were at higher risk of death within 90 days. High levels of fungal markers and low immune cell counts were better predictors of poor outcomes than traditional inflammation markers, suggesting doctors should focus on early identification and personalized treatment approaches.

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Cryptococcus albidus (Naganishia albida) meningitis in a young patient with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

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A 16-year-old boy with blood cancer developed meningitis caused by a rare fungus called Cryptococcus albidus. Doctors initially thought he had a viral infection, but laboratory tests identified the fungus. He was treated with antifungal medications and improved significantly. This case shows how important it is to identify the correct cause of infection quickly, especially in patients with weakened immune systems.

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Epidemiological profile of dermatophytes at the parasitology-mycology laboratory at Mohammed VI University Hospital in Oujda

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This study examined fungal skin infections caused by dermatophytes in a Moroccan hospital over four years, analyzing 950 samples. The researchers found that nail infections (onychomycosis) were most common, particularly in people over 50 years old, while scalp infections mainly affected children. The fungus Trichophyton rubrum was responsible for most infections, though Microsporum canis increasingly caused scalp infections, likely due to increased pet ownership in Morocco. The study emphasizes the importance of proper laboratory testing to identify the specific fungus and choose appropriate treatment.

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