enzymatic degradation – Page 3

Characterization of Self-Growing Biomaterials Made of Fungal Mycelium and Various Lignocellulose-Containing Ingredients

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Scientists developed environmentally-friendly foam-like materials by growing mushroom mycelium (the root-like network of fungi) on agricultural waste like hemp and sawdust. These natural composites are strong, biodegradable, and can be used for packaging or insulation instead of plastic foam. However, they absorb water easily and can develop mold if exposed to moisture, so they need protective coatings for some applications.

Biotechnological Applications of Mushrooms under the Water-Energy-Food Nexus: Crucial Aspects and Prospects from Farm to Pharmacy

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Mushrooms are emerging as a powerful solution for solving global food, water, and energy challenges. Scientists are using biotechnology to produce tiny healing particles from mushrooms, clean up polluted soil and water, create renewable energy, and extract beneficial compounds for medicine and health. This review shows how integrated mushroom farming can help achieve sustainable development goals while reducing waste and supporting human wellbeing.

The Potential of Transgenic Hybrid Aspen Plants with a Recombinant Lac Gene from the Fungus Trametes hirsuta to Degrade Trichlorophenol

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Scientists created genetically modified aspen trees that contain an enzyme from a fungus which breaks down toxic chlorophenol chemicals in soil. These transgenic trees were much more effective at removing these harmful pollutants than regular trees. Three of the modified tree lines worked well without causing problems for the plants themselves, suggesting they could be used to clean up contaminated soil in polluted areas.

Treatment of Cigarette Butts: Biodegradation of Cellulose Acetate by Rot Fungi and Bacteria

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Cigarette butts are a major global pollution problem because they contain cellulose acetate that doesn’t break down naturally. This study tested whether specific fungi and bacteria could eat away at cigarette filters. After one month of treatment, the bacteria B. cereus and fungi like P. ostreatus and L. lepideus successfully degraded about 24-34% of the cigarette material, suggesting these microorganisms could be used to help dispose of cigarette waste.

Characterization of the Enzymatic and Biosorption Processes Involved in the Decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R Dye by Pleurotus ostreatus Pellets

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Researchers used oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) pellets to remove toxic blue dye commonly found in textile wastewater. The study found that these mushroom pellets achieved 98.5% dye removal through multiple mechanisms: special enzymes (laccase and peroxidase) that break down the dye molecules, and physical absorption where the dye sticks to the mushroom cells. The mushroom could also use the dye as a food source, making this an effective and sustainable approach for cleaning industrial wastewater.

Enhanced biodegradation of fluorinated pharmaceutical by Aspergillus flavus and Cunninghamella elegans biofilms: kinetics and mechanisms

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This research shows that two types of fungi—Aspergillus flavus and Cunninghamella elegans—can effectively break down commonly prescribed medications found in wastewater through biofilm formation on foam carriers. The fungi degrade these drugs through enzymatic action rather than absorption, removing 85-99% of the pharmaceuticals within days. This discovery offers a promising, cost-effective biological treatment for cleaning wastewater from hospitals and pharmaceutical factories, potentially protecting aquatic environments from drug pollution.

Negative Effects of Occurrence of Mycotoxins in Animal Feed and Biological Methods of Their Detoxification: A Review

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Molds that grow on grains and feed produce toxic substances called mycotoxins that can seriously harm farm animals, causing liver and kidney damage, reproductive problems, and reduced productivity. While proper storage and farming practices help prevent contamination, some mycotoxins still get through. Recent research shows that beneficial bacteria like those in yogurt and certain yeasts can effectively remove these toxins from animal feed, making it safer for livestock while protecting the environment from harmful chemicals.

Exploring metal bioaccumulation ability of boreal white-rot fungi on fiberbank material

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This study examined how different types of fungi can absorb toxic metals from polluted sediments in the Baltic Sea caused by old paper mills. Researchers tested 26 native Swedish fungi species and found that Phlebia tremellosa was especially effective at absorbing various toxic metals like zinc, cadmium, and copper. These findings suggest that fungi could be used as a natural way to clean up contaminated waterways, offering a sustainable solution to an environmental problem affecting Nordic countries.

Physicochemical, microbiological, and microstructural changes in germinated wheat grain

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When wheat grains are exposed to moisture and warm conditions, they begin to sprout, which damages their quality and usefulness. This research studied how different moisture, temperature, and time conditions affect sprouted wheat grain. Scientists found that sprouting significantly changes the grain’s structure, reducing its starch content and increasing microbial contamination. The findings suggest that sprouted wheat can be processed into useful products if grown under carefully controlled conditions.

Characterization of the Enzymatic and Biosorption Processes Involved in the Decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R Dye by Pleurotus ostreatus Pellets

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This research demonstrates how oyster mushroom pellets can effectively remove harmful synthetic dyes from industrial wastewater through a combination of chemical absorption and enzymatic breakdown. The fungus produces specialized enzymes that degrade the complex dye molecules while also physically absorbing dye particles. This biological approach offers a promising, sustainable alternative to traditional chemical wastewater treatment methods used in the textile industry.

Research Keyword: enzymatic degradation