Research Keyword: endosymbiosis

Microbes as Teachers: Rethinking Knowledge in the Anthropocene

Microbes have been the architects of life on Earth for nearly 4 billion years, managing oxygen production, nutrient cycles, and climate stability—yet we rarely recognize their wisdom. This paper argues we should treat microbes as teachers rather than mere subjects of study or exploitation. By reforming education, policy, and how we think about our relationship with microbial life, we can solve modern challenges like climate change and disease while learning to coexist with the microscopic majority that sustains all life.

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Microbes as Teachers: Rethinking Knowledge in the Anthropocene

This paper argues that microbes should be viewed as teachers offering crucial wisdom about how to solve today’s environmental crises. Rather than seeing microbes as passive subjects to be studied, the author proposes recognizing them as intelligent, collaborative partners that have successfully managed Earth’s systems for billions of years. The paper provides practical suggestions for changing education, policy, and how we design cities and agriculture to work with microbial processes rather than against them.

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Biodiversity of Bacteria Associated with Eight Pleurotus ostreatus (Fr.) P. Kumm. Strains from Poland, Japan and the USA

Oyster mushrooms grown in different parts of the world carry diverse communities of bacteria living inside or on their cells. Researchers identified over 34 different types of bacteria in eight oyster mushroom strains from Poland, Japan, and the USA. These bacteria likely help the mushrooms break down wood and may protect them from diseases. This discovery shows that oyster mushrooms are not solitary organisms but rather complex ecosystems hosting beneficial bacterial partners.

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