disease resistance – Page 4

A rapid and efficient in vivo inoculation method for introducing tree stem canker pathogens onto leaves: suitable for large-scale assessment of resistance in poplar breeding progeny

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Scientists developed a faster and easier way to test whether poplar trees are resistant to diseases caused by stem canker fungi. Instead of using time-consuming traditional methods that require large stem pieces, the new method uses poplar leaves for testing. The leaf method produces results in 5 days, uses abundant leaf materials, and the results match those from traditional stem testing methods.

The Biocontrol and Growth-Promoting Potential of Penicillium spp. and Trichoderma spp. in Sustainable Agriculture

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This review explores how two common fungi, Penicillium and Trichoderma, can help crops grow better and resist diseases naturally. These beneficial fungi live in plant roots and soil, providing nutrients, protecting against harmful pathogens, and helping plants cope with environmental stress. They offer an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical pesticides and fertilizers, making them valuable for sustainable agriculture.

In Vitro Mycorrhization for Plant Propagation and Enhanced Resilience to Environmental Stress: A Review

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Mycorrhizal fungi form beneficial partnerships with plant roots, significantly improving plant health and resilience to environmental stresses like drought and disease. Scientists can now grow these fungi in laboratory conditions alongside plant tissues to create enhanced plants that are stronger and more productive. This in vitro mycorrhization approach offers a sustainable alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides, potentially revolutionizing agriculture to better withstand climate change challenges while maintaining food security.

Accessory Chromosome Contributes to Virulence of Banana Infecting Fusarium oxysporum Tropical Race 4

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Scientists studied a dangerous fungal disease that destroys banana crops by examining a special extra chromosome found in the pathogen Fusarium oxysporum Tropical Race 4. They created mutant fungi without this chromosome and found that while the mutants could still grow normally in the lab, they became much less dangerous to banana plants. This discovery shows that this particular chromosome contains genes that help the fungus attack and infect bananas, suggesting potential new ways to combat this devastating crop disease.

In Vitro Mycorrhization for Plant Propagation and Enhanced Resilience to Environmental Stress: A Review

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This review explains how scientists are using special laboratory techniques to grow fungal partnerships with plants that boost plant health and stress tolerance. By combining plant propagation with beneficial fungi in controlled conditions, researchers can produce stronger plants that survive droughts, diseases, and other environmental challenges. These techniques offer promise for sustainable farming and addressing food security concerns as climate change impacts agriculture.

Integrated multi-omics identifies plant hormone signal transduction and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis as key pathways in kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis var. deliciosa) resistance to Botryosphaeria Dothidea infection

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Kiwifruit can be infected by a fungus called Botryosphaeria dothidea, which causes soft rot and makes the fruit inedible. Researchers used advanced techniques to study what happens inside the fruit when infected, finding that certain plant hormones and chemical pathways become active to fight the infection. They identified two key genes that appear to control how the fruit responds to the fungus, which could help develop better ways to prevent this costly disease.

Cytophysiological manifestations of wheat’s defense reactions against stem rust induced by the biofungicide Novochizol

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Scientists studied how a new plant-based product called Novochizol helps wheat plants defend themselves against stem rust, a destructive fungal disease. When wheat seedlings were treated with Novochizol before being exposed to the rust fungus, the plants showed strong defensive reactions including increased production of protective hydrogen peroxide and phenolic compounds. The treatment significantly reduced the number and size of rust pustules (infection spots) on susceptible wheat plants, effectively converting them to a more resistant state without harming the plants.

A Method to Inoculate Millet Grain-Colonized Fusarium pseudograminearum on Wheat to Obtain Reproducible Disease Symptoms

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Scientists developed a standardized method to test wheat varieties for resistance to Fusarium crown rot, a serious fungal disease that damages wheat crops. The method uses millet grains colonized with the disease-causing fungus as inoculum, which is more reproducible and efficient than previous approaches. By testing this on wheat seedlings in controlled greenhouse conditions, researchers can quickly identify wheat varieties with natural resistance, which helps plant breeders develop better disease-resistant wheat crops.

Putative Transcriptional Regulation of HaWRKY33-AOA251SVV7 Complex-Mediated Sunflower Head Rot by Transcriptomics and Proteomics

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This research identifies how sunflowers defend themselves against a devastating fungal disease called head rot caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Scientists discovered that a protein called HaWRKY33 works together with another protein (AOA251SVV7) to help resistant sunflower varieties fight off the infection. By understanding these molecular interactions and identifying critical regions of the HaWRKY33 protein, researchers can now develop better sunflower varieties that are naturally resistant to this disease, potentially saving farmers significant crop losses.

Geographic variation in fungal diversity associated with leaf spot symptoms of Coffea arabica in Yunnan, China

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Researchers studied the fungi found on coffee leaf spots in two different regions of Yunnan province in China. They discovered that the types of fungi varied significantly between the cooler, higher-altitude Pu’er region (which had more harmful fungi) and the warmer, tropical Xishuangbanna region (which had more beneficial fungi that could fight pests). This information can help coffee farmers choose better disease management strategies based on their location.

Research Keyword: disease resistance