disease management – Page 6

Characterization and Biological Characteristics of Alternaria, Botryosphaeria, Pestalotiopsis, and Trichothecium Species Associated with Postharvest Loquat Fruit Rot in Yunnan, China

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Researchers in China identified four types of fungal pathogens responsible for loquat fruit rot after harvest. These fungi cause different symptoms ranging from ring-shaped spots to soft decay, with infection rates between 4-12%. The study confirmed each pathogen’s ability to cause disease and found that some are more aggressive than others. This research helps growers understand what causes loquat spoilage and suggests that careful handling and cool storage can reduce losses.

Isolation, Identification, and In Vitro Fungicide Screening of the Pathogen Associated with Pear Dry Blight

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Pear dry blight is a serious fungal disease affecting pear orchards in China. Researchers identified the fungus Diaporthe fukushii as the cause and tested various fungicides to find the most effective treatments. The study found that thiophanate-methyl and difenoconazole mixed with propiconazole work best, while some other fungicides are less effective. The research provides farmers with evidence-based strategies to manage this devastating disease.

Flood Inoculation of Fusarium eumartii in Tomato Seedlings: Method for Evaluating the Infectivity of Pathogen Spores

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Scientists have developed a simple laboratory method to test how effectively a fungus called Fusarium eumartii infects young tomato plants. The technique involves growing tomato seedlings on special nutrient plates and then exposing them to fungal spores suspended in water, allowing researchers to measure how much damage occurs and how much fungus remains in the plant tissue. This method can be used to quickly test whether different compounds, like chitosan, can prevent fungal infections or help plants defend themselves naturally. The straightforward approach makes it useful for farmers and researchers developing better ways to protect tomato crops from fungal diseases.

Four Unrecorded Species of Endophytic Diaporthe (Sordariomycetes) in Korea

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Researchers in Korea discovered four previously unknown species of Diaporthe fungi living inside plant tissues without causing visible damage. These fungi were identified using genetic analysis and compared to known species from around the world. The findings show that Korea has more fungal diversity than previously documented and suggest these fungi could potentially be used to develop new medicines or help control plant diseases.

Epidemiology, Biotic Interactions and Biological Control of Armillarioids in the Northern Hemisphere

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This paper reviews how armillarioid fungi, particularly Armillaria species, cause root rot disease in forests and orchards across the Northern Hemisphere. These fungi spread through underground root-like structures called rhizomorphs and can kill trees and damage crops over large areas. The authors discuss how to identify these fungi using modern genetic methods and explore environmentally friendly biological control options using beneficial bacteria, fungi, and nematodes as alternatives to chemical treatments.

Species diversity of Cytospora associated with forest canker diseases in Xizang (Tibet), China

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Scientists studying forests in Tibet discovered 23 new species of Cytospora fungi that cause canker diseases in trees like poplars and willows. Using advanced genetic analysis combined with traditional microscopic examination, researchers identified a total of 50 Cytospora species in the region. These fungi cause bark damage and branch death in many important forest trees. Understanding which species are present and how they spread is crucial for protecting Tibet’s valuable forest ecosystems.

First Report of Trametes hirsuta, Causal Agent White Rot in Avocado Trees Grown in the State of Michoacán, México

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Researchers discovered a wood-destroying fungus called Trametes hirsuta causing serious disease in avocado trees in Mexico’s main avocado-growing region. The fungus attacks tree trunks and branches, causing white rot that can kill trees within 3-5 years. The study confirmed this is a new threat to avocado orchards and suggests controlling it through pruning, chemical fungicides, or biological control methods.

Biocontrol of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae on Indonesian Local Garlic Plants (Lumbu Hijau) Using a Consortium of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B1 and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

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Researchers developed an effective biological solution to protect Indonesian garlic plants from a destructive fungal disease called Fusarium wilt. Using a combination of beneficial bacteria (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) and fungi (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi), they reduced disease damage by 39% while making plants grow larger and stronger. This natural approach offers a safer alternative to chemical fungicides and could help garlic farmers maintain healthy crops.

Roles of NADPH oxidases in regulating redox homeostasis and pathogenesis of the poplar canker fungus Cytospora chrysosperma

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Poplar trees suffer from a serious fungal disease caused by Cytospora chrysosperma that devastates plantations. Scientists discovered that three genes controlling enzyme complexes called NADPH oxidases are critical for the fungus to cause disease. When these genes are removed, the fungus cannot produce enough of a toxic acid it uses to attack trees, and the fungus cells become stressed and damaged. These findings suggest new ways to control the disease by targeting these enzyme complexes.

Antifungal Volatile Organic Compounds from Talaromyces purpureogenus CEF642N: Insights from One Strain Many Compounds (OSMAC) Strategy for Controlling Verticillium dahliae in Cotton

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Scientists discovered that a beneficial fungus called Talaromyces purpureogenus can produce powerful antifungal compounds that kill cotton wilt disease. By growing this fungus on different nutrient media, researchers identified two main antifungal compounds: 3-octanol and 2-octenal. These natural compounds completely or nearly completely stopped the growth of the cotton wilt pathogen in laboratory tests, offering a promising green alternative to chemical pesticides for protecting cotton crops.

Research Keyword: disease management