disease management – Page 2

First molecular confirmation of Lasiodiplodia theobromae causing grapevine trunk disease in southern Egypt

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Researchers in Egypt identified a fungus called Lasiodiplodia theobromae as the cause of a serious disease affecting grapevines in the southern region. Using both microscopic examination and genetic analysis, they confirmed the fungus causes dark streaking in grape vine trunks, leading to branch death and decline. When they tested the fungus on grape tissues in the laboratory, it successfully infected all tested samples, showing it is a highly virulent pathogen. The findings suggest farmers need to use disease-resistant grape varieties and implement management strategies to prevent losses.

Novel Antimicrobial Activities of Albofungin, Albonoursin, and Ribonucleosides Produced by Streptomyces sp. Caat 5-35 Against Phytopathogens and Their Potential as a Biocontrol Agent

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Scientists discovered that a soil bacterium called Streptomyces sp. Caat 5-35 produces natural compounds that can kill crop-damaging pathogens. These compounds, including albofungin and albonoursin, showed strong activity against diseases affecting cacao and palm crops. The bacterium also helps plants by breaking down cellulose and making phosphorus more available, making it a promising tool for natural crop protection without synthetic chemicals.

Synergistic curative effects of Trichoderma hamatum and Rumex dentatus against Alternaria alternata, the causal agent of tomato leaf spot disease

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This research discovered that combining a beneficial fungus called Trichoderma hamatum with an extract from Rumex dentatus plant effectively controls tomato leaf spot disease. When used together, these natural treatments reduced disease by over 88% and even outperformed commercial fungicides. The combined treatment also boosted plant health by increasing growth and natural defense mechanisms, offering farmers an affordable and environmentally safe alternative to chemical pesticides.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using fermentation extracts from a mangrove soil bacterium: morphological characterization, and antifungal activities against rice blast fungus

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Researchers developed tiny silver particles made from bacteria found in mangrove soil that effectively kill the fungus causing rice blast disease. These nanoparticles work better than current chemical fungicides and are much safer for the environment and aquatic life. The particles stop the fungus from growing and spreading in rice plants, offering farmers a sustainable alternative to traditional chemical pesticides.

FoCup, a secreted protein, is essential for virulence of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum on cucumber

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Researchers identified a key protein called FoCup that helps a fungal pathogen infect cucumber plants and cause devastating wilt disease. By deleting this protein from the fungus, scientists significantly reduced its ability to cause disease and produce spores needed for spreading. This discovery could help develop new ways to protect cucumber crops by targeting this critical virulence factor.

Microbial-mediated induced resistance: interactive effects for improving crop health

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This research explores how beneficial microbes like Trichoderma fungi and Bacillus bacteria can help plants naturally defend themselves against diseases. These microbes trigger the plant’s built-in immune system through chemical signals and molecular processes similar to how our immune system responds to threats. The approach offers an eco-friendly alternative to chemical pesticides for protecting crops, though effectiveness varies depending on environmental conditions.

Genome analysis of Phytophthora cactorum strains associated with crown- and leather-rot in strawberry

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Strawberry farmers face two serious diseases caused by a water-mold pathogen: crown rot that kills the whole plant and leather rot that spoils the fruit. Scientists sequenced the DNA of different disease-causing strains to understand why some strains can infect only fruit while others destroy the entire plant. They found that highly virulent strains have specific genetic changes in genes that help the pathogen escape the plant’s immune system, which could help develop better disease control strategies.

Identification of a pathogen causing fruiting body rot of Sanghuangporus vaninii

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Sanghuang, a valuable medicinal mushroom grown in China, was suffering from a disease that damaged fruiting bodies and reduced production. Researchers identified the cause as a green mold fungus called Trichoderma virens. The fungus grows best at 25°C and strongly inhibits the mushroom’s growth. Understanding this pathogen is the first step toward developing better ways to prevent the disease and protect this important medicinal crop.

A review and case study of Rhododendron moulmainense highlights the feasibility and adaptation of evergreen Rhododendron plants to current environmental challenges

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This study examines Rhododendron moulmainense, a beautiful alpine flowering plant being adapted for urban gardens. Researchers discovered that special soil fungi living in the plant’s roots help it survive stress like drought and heat. The study details multiple ways to grow new plants through cuttings, tissue culture, and seeds, with success rates over 90%. Understanding this plant’s adaptation mechanisms provides strategies for introducing more alpine rhododendrons to lower-altitude cities while improving their resilience to climate challenges.

Pathogen identification and biological fungicides screening for Plumbago auriculata blight in China

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A newly identified fungal disease caused by Fusarium ipomoeae is harming Plumbago auriculata plants in China. Scientists identified the pathogen using genetic analysis and tested seven plant-based treatments. They found that osthole, a natural compound, effectively controls the disease with 88% success rate, offering an environmentally friendly solution for protecting ornamental plants.

Research Keyword: disease management