Cell wall-degrading enzymes – Page 2

The dark side of avocados: a review of anthracnose and stem-end rot in postharvest fruit

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Avocados are a valuable global fruit crop, but two fungal diseases—anthracnose and stem-end rot—cause major economic losses by making fruit unmarketable. These fungi infect avocados in the orchard but remain hidden until the fruit ripens, making them difficult to detect and control. Recent advances in detection technology and disease management strategies, including biological controls and natural treatments, offer promising solutions to reduce losses and keep avocados fresh from farm to table.

Optimization of cultural conditions for pectinase production by Diaporthe isolate Z1-1N and its pathogenicity on kiwifruit

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Researchers studied a fungus called Diaporthe that causes soft rot disease in kiwifruit, which is an important crop. They found that the fungus produces special enzymes (pectinases) that help it break down the fruit’s protective cell walls, causing decay. By testing different temperatures, pH levels, and incubation times, they determined the best conditions to produce these harmful enzymes and confirmed they play a major role in disease development.

Mycorrhizal fungus BJ1, a new species of Tulasnella sp.: its biological characteristics and promoting effect on seed germination of Bletilla striata

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Researchers discovered a new type of fungus called Tulasnella sp. BJ1 that forms beneficial partnerships with Bletilla striata, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant. When this fungus was used with the plant’s seeds, germination rates and seedling growth improved significantly compared to seeds grown alone. The fungus helps by producing growth-promoting substances like plant hormones and breaking down nutrients that the developing plants can absorb. This finding offers a practical method to grow more B. striata plants efficiently for medicinal use.

Revisiting the emerging pathosystem of rice sheath blight: deciphering the Rhizoctonia solani virulence, host range, and rice genotype-based resistance

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Rice plants are affected by a fungal disease called sheath blight caused by a fungus named Rhizoctonia solani. This study found that different strains of this fungus vary in how aggressive they are, with some being much more damaging than others. By testing various rice varieties, researchers identified which ones naturally resist this disease better, and these resistant varieties could be used to breed new rice crops that are less affected by the disease.

Talaromyces pinophilus Strain HD25G2 as a Novel Biocontrol Agent of Fusarium culmorum, the Causal Agent of Root and Crown Rot of Soft Wheat

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Researchers discovered that a fungus called Talaromyces pinophilus can fight against Fusarium culmorum, a harmful fungus that damages wheat crops and produces toxic compounds. The beneficial fungus works by producing natural enzymes that break down the walls of harmful fungal cells. Importantly, when applied before the harmful fungus appears, it completely prevents infection and toxin production, offering farmers a natural alternative to chemical pesticides.

Talaromyces pinophilus Strain HD25G2 as a Novel Biocontrol Agent of Fusarium culmorum, the Causal Agent of Root and Crown Rot of Soft Wheat

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A fungus called Talaromyces pinophilus shows promise as a natural pest controller against Fusarium culmorum, which damages wheat crops worldwide. When applied early to wheat seeds, this beneficial fungus produces enzymes that break down the harmful fungus’s cell walls, completely preventing damage and toxin contamination. However, timing is critical—if applied too late, it can paradoxically increase toxin production, suggesting it works best as a preventative treatment before infection occurs.

Exploring the Biocontrol Potential of Phanerochaete chrysosporium against Wheat Crown Rot

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Scientists discovered that a beneficial fungus called Phanerochaete chrysosporium can effectively control a serious wheat disease caused by another fungus. The beneficial fungus attacks and breaks down the pathogenic fungus while also helping wheat plants grow stronger and resist infection better. This offers farmers a natural, sustainable alternative to chemical fungicides for protecting their wheat crops.

Study on Pathogenesis of Cytospora pyri in Korla Fragrant Pear Trees (Pyrus sinkiangensis)

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Researchers identified Cytospora pyri as the fungus causing a serious canker disease in Korla fragrant pear trees grown in Xinjiang, China. The fungus cannot directly infect healthy bark but requires wounds to enter trees, then spreads rapidly through tissues using powerful cell-degrading enzymes. Understanding these infection mechanisms can help farmers prevent the disease by protecting trees from injuries and maintaining tree health.

Research Keyword: Cell wall-degrading enzymes