cell wall composition

Strongest untreated mycelium materials produced by Schizophyllum commune dikaryons

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Researchers found that mushroom mycelium grown from dikaryotic strains (with two nuclei) produces stronger, stiffer materials than traditional monokaryon strains used in mycelium-based products. These dikaryotic materials show tensile strength values comparable to some polymers, making them promising for creating sustainable alternatives to leather and textiles. The improved strength comes from differences in cell wall composition and lower expression of a hydrophobin gene, offering new possibilities for bio-based material development.

Engineering Strategies for Fungal Cell Disruption in Biotechnological Applications

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Fungal cells have tough, protective walls that make it difficult to extract valuable products like proteins, oils, and medicines. This review examines different techniques—from physical methods like grinding with beads to chemical and enzyme-based approaches—to break open fungal cells efficiently. By understanding which method works best for different types of fungi and desired products, researchers can develop better, more sustainable ways to use fungi in manufacturing pharmaceuticals, food products, and other valuable compounds.

Structure-Forming Properties of Pleurotus ostreatus: A Promising Resource for Edible 3D Printing Applications

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Low-grade oyster mushrooms, which normally go to waste due to cosmetic imperfections, contain valuable nutrients and compounds that make them excellent for 3D food printing. These mushrooms naturally possess properties like chitin and β-glucans that create the right consistency for printing edible structures. Using these discarded mushrooms for innovative 3D printing reduces waste, cuts production costs by up to 75%, and creates nutritious, customizable food products.

Differential hypo-osmotic stress responses and regulatory mechanisms of Aspergillus sydowii in amphipod guts and hadal sediments

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Scientists discovered a new fungus living in the guts of deep-sea amphipods and studied how it survives in extreme pressure and low-salt environments. By comparing this gut fungus with a similar fungus from deep-sea sediments, they found that the gut fungus is better adapted to low-salt conditions and produces different protective chemicals. The study reveals that fungi evolve different survival strategies depending on where they live, using changes in cell walls and energy production to handle environmental stress.

Engineering Strategies for Fungal Cell Disruption in Biotechnological Applications

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Fungi produce valuable products inside their cells like medicines, oils, and natural colors. However, fungal cell walls are very tough and hard to break open compared to bacteria or algae. Scientists have developed various methods to break open fungal cells, ranging from physical approaches like grinding with beads or using sound waves, to gentler chemical and enzymatic methods. The best method depends on the type of fungus, what product you want to extract, and how much you need to make.

Editorial: Fungal virulence

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Fungal infections are becoming more dangerous and common worldwide, especially as climate change warms the planet. Scientists are studying how fungi develop the ability to cause disease, focusing on features like their stickiness to human tissues and ability to form protective biofilms. Recent research shows that specific proteins and growth conditions affect how dangerous different fungi are and how our immune system responds to them. Understanding these mechanisms could help doctors develop better treatments and vaccines against fungal infections.

Pathogenic mucorales: Deciphering their cell wall polysaccharidome and immunostimulatory potential

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Mucormycosis is a serious fungal infection that primarily affects people with weak immune systems and carries high mortality rates. Researchers studied three common mucormycosis-causing fungi to understand how their outer cell layers interact with the human immune system. They found that all three fungi trigger strong inflammatory responses, which may explain why the disease is so damaging. This research helps us better understand how these infections work and could lead to improved treatments or vaccines.

Cross-linking impacts the physical properties of mycelium leather alternatives by targeting hydroxyl groups of polysaccharides and amino groups of proteins

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Scientists have developed a leather-like material grown from mushroom mycelium (the root structure of fungi) that can match the strength of animal leather through a process called cross-linking or tanning. They tested different cross-linking chemicals—both synthetic ones like glutaraldehyde and natural plant extracts—and found that these chemicals improve the material’s strength and durability. The best results came from treating the mycelium with a low concentration of glutaraldehyde, which made it nearly as strong as real leather while using a sustainable, environmentally-friendly process.

Editorial: Fungal virulence

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This editorial discusses how fungi are becoming more dangerous to human health due to climate change and rising temperatures. Researchers are studying the specific mechanisms that make fungi harmful, including how they stick to human cells and form protective biofilms. The review highlights several important discoveries about different pathogenic fungi and suggests better ways to diagnose and treat fungal infections through understanding how environmental factors influence fungal behavior.

Cellular anatomy of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

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This comprehensive review explains the unique cellular structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which form vast underground networks connecting plants to soil nutrients. These fungi are remarkable because their hyphae lack internal walls, allowing nutrients and organelles to flow freely throughout their continuous cytoplasm. By synthesizing current knowledge about how these fungi are organized and function at the cellular level, the authors highlight how this organization enables the complex nutrient exchange that supports plant growth and ecosystem health worldwide.

Research Keyword: cell wall composition