bioactive compounds – Page 16

Study on Optimization of Liquid Fermentation Medium and Antitumor Activity of the Mycelium on Phyllopora lonicerae

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Researchers improved the production of a medicinal fungus called Phylloporia lonicerae that grows on honeysuckle plants. They developed a better growing medium that produced more fungus in less time. They then discovered that components from this fungus can kill cancer cells, particularly lung and esophageal cancer cells, by triggering a natural cell death process called apoptosis. This work suggests the fungus could be developed into an anti-cancer functional food.

Genomic characterization and fermentation study of the endophyte Stemphylium sp. (Aa22), a producer of bioactive alkyl-resorcinols

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Scientists sequenced the complete genome of a fungus called Stemphylium sp. (strain Aa22) that lives inside wormwood plants without harming them. This fungus produces natural compounds called alkyl-resorcinols that can repel aphids and kill plant-damaging nematodes, making them potentially useful as organic pesticides. The researchers found the genetic instructions for making these compounds and determined that growing the fungus in liquid culture produces more of the useful compounds than growing it on rice, offering a promising path toward developing these natural biopesticides on a larger scale.

Phytochemical Profile and Antimicrobial Activities of Edible Mushroom Termitomyces striatus

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Researchers studied an edible mushroom called Termitomyces striatus traditionally consumed in Africa and Asia to understand its disease-fighting properties. They found that extracts from this mushroom contain beneficial compounds that can kill harmful bacteria and fungi in laboratory tests. The dichloromethane extract was the most effective, showing strong activity against multiple disease-causing bacteria and the yeast Candida albicans. This suggests the mushroom could potentially be developed into new natural antimicrobial treatments.

Development of Hybrid Pleurotus cystidiosus Strains with Enhanced Functional Properties

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Scientists created new hybrid varieties of abalone mushrooms by breeding two different strains together. These new hybrids produced more health-beneficial compounds like antioxidants and fiber-like polysaccharides than their parent strains. Two particularly promising hybrids, PA-132 and PA-054, showed the strongest antioxidant properties and could potentially be developed into functional food products for health and wellness applications.

Whole Genome Sequence of an Edible Mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata (Daqiugaigu)

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Scientists have decoded the complete genetic blueprint of the wine cap mushroom (Stropharia rugosoannulata), a popular edible mushroom grown worldwide. The research identified over 12,000 genes and discovered the mushroom contains powerful enzymes that break down plant material, explaining why it grows so well on straw and corn stalks. The study also revealed that different parts of the mushroom (cap and stem) have different functions, with stems focusing on energy production and caps on growth and development.

Anti-Influenza Activity of Medicinal Material Extracts from Qinghai–Tibet Plateau

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Researchers tested extracts from traditional Tibetan medicinal plants, mushrooms, and lichens to see if they could fight influenza virus. They found that seven out of nine extracts could reduce influenza virus infection in laboratory cells, with a mushroom extract called Armillaria luteo-virens showing particularly strong antiviral effects. These results suggest that traditional medicinal materials from the Qinghai–Tibetan plateau could be valuable sources for developing new flu treatments that might work better against drug-resistant flu strains.

Bioactivity and chemical screening of endophytic fungi associated with seaweeds Gracilaria sp. and Sargassum sp. of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh

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Researchers discovered several types of fungi living inside seaweed from Bangladesh’s Bay of Bengal coast. These fungi produce natural compounds that can fight bacteria, reduce harmful oxidative damage, and potentially kill cancer cells. The study identified specific chemical compounds responsible for these beneficial properties, suggesting these fungi could be useful sources for developing new medicines.

Endophytic Alternaria alternata Culture-Derived Elicitor Promotes Growth and Antibacterial Activity in Kalanchoe laetivirens

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Researchers cultivated medicinal Kalanchoe plants in controlled laboratory conditions and exposed them to a powdered form of a beneficial fungus (Alternaria alternata). The plants treated with this fungal extract grew larger, developed more roots, and produced greater amounts of antibacterial compounds compared to untreated plants. The treated plants were especially effective at stopping the growth of two common disease-causing bacteria (E. coli and S. aureus). This approach could lead to more efficient production of plant-based medicines.

Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Modulates Shiraia Hypocrellin A Biosynthesis Through ROS/NO Signaling in Response to Bamboo Polysaccharide Elicitation

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Researchers discovered that a specific enzyme called glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) controls the production of hypocrellin A, a powerful therapeutic compound found in Shiraia fungi. When bamboo polysaccharides are added to fungal cultures, they trigger G6PDH activity, which then increases the production of signaling molecules that boost hypocrellin A biosynthesis. This finding could lead to better ways to produce this promising cancer-fighting photosensitizer at industrial scales using simple, cost-effective methods.

Extraction, purification, and identification of total saponins from hazel mushroom and its application evaluation

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Researchers developed an efficient method to extract beneficial compounds called saponins from hazel mushrooms using microwaves. They identified 22 different chemical compounds in these extracts and tested their effects on cancer cells and oxidative stress. The saponin extracts significantly inhibited the growth of lung cancer and bone cancer cells and demonstrated antioxidant properties, suggesting hazel mushrooms could be developed into functional foods or medicines.

Research Keyword: bioactive compounds