basidiomycetes – Page 3

A high-quality genome assembly of angel-wing mushroom Pleurocybella porrigens that causes acute encephalopathy

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Scientists created a detailed genetic blueprint of the angel-wing mushroom, which caused serious poisonings in Japan. They identified three toxic compounds in the mushroom and found a gene that likely produces one of the most dangerous toxins responsible for brain damage. This research helps explain how the mushroom makes its poison and could lead to better understanding of foodborne illness prevention.

Mycoviruses: Antagonistic Potential, Fungal Pathogenesis, and Their Interaction with Rhizoctonia solani

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This comprehensive review explores how viruses that infect fungi, called mycoviruses, could help farmers control rice diseases. Rice sheath blight caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani causes significant crop losses worldwide. Scientists have discovered that certain mycoviruses can weaken this pathogenic fungus, making them promising biological alternatives to chemical fungicides that can harm the environment and encourage disease resistance.

Morphogenesis, starvation, and light responses in a mushroom-forming fungus revealed by long-read sequencing and extensive expression profiling

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Researchers created a detailed genetic instruction manual for a common mushroom species called Coprinopsis cinerea. Using advanced sequencing technology, they identified all the genes and precisely mapped where genes start and stop, what controls them, and how they respond to light and hunger. This improved genetic map reveals how mushrooms form fruiting bodies and survive changing environmental conditions, providing a valuable resource for understanding mushroom biology and improving mushroom cultivation.

The genus Thaxterogaster (Cortinariaceae): phylogeny and species diversity in Western China

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This study describes the diversity of Thaxterogaster mushrooms in Western China, a region with varied habitats ranging from tropical to temperate climates. Researchers identified eight new mushroom species and one species new to China using DNA analysis and microscopic examination. The study provides detailed descriptions and identification keys to help scientists and mycologists recognize these fungi in the field and understand their evolutionary relationships.

Omics approaches to investigate pre-symbiotic responses of the mycorrhizal fungus Tulasnella sp. SV6 to the orchid host Serapias vomeracea

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This study examines how a fungus called Tulasnella responds to orchids before they physically touch each other. Researchers grew the fungus near young orchid plants separated by a thin membrane and found that the fungus changed its genes and chemistry significantly, suggesting it somehow detected the orchid’s presence. The fungus increased production of proteins and fats, as if preparing for a partnership with the plant. These findings help us understand how plants and fungi communicate and begin their beneficial relationships.

Two new species of Entoloma subg. Cyanula sect. Asprella (Entolomataceae, Agaricales) from subtropical regions of China

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Scientists have identified two new mushroom species in China belonging to the genus Entoloma. These small blue and magenta mushrooms, named E. qingluan and E. zilin, were discovered in subtropical forests of Fujian and Zhejiang provinces. Using microscopic examination and genetic analysis, the researchers confirmed these were previously unknown species and provided detailed descriptions for scientific identification and classification.

Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the Agaricomycetes brown rot fungus Fomitopsis pinicola isolate FBCC1181

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Scientists have sequenced the complete mitochondrial DNA (a small genome within fungal cells) of a wood-rotting mushroom called Fomitopsis pinicola. The mitochondrial genome is 66,500 base pairs long and contains 64 genes typical for this group of fungi. The researchers discovered several special genes called endonucleases within the genome that may help the fungus adapt and change over time.

Annotated Checklist of Poroid Hymenochaetoid Fungi in Central Asia: Taxonomic Diversity, Ecological Roles, and Potential Distribution Patterns

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Scientists studied wood-decay fungi found in Central Asia’s mountains and forests, identifying 43 species that help break down wood and sometimes damage trees. These fungi have been used traditionally in medicine for various health benefits. The research used computer models to predict where these fungi are most likely to grow based on temperature, rainfall, and host plant availability, finding that they thrive best in mountainous regions where specific trees and shrubs grow.

Structural and Functional Analysis of Peptides Derived from KEX2-Processed Repeat Proteins in Agaricomycetes Using Reverse Genetics and Peptidomics

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Researchers studied special peptides made by mushrooms that are processed by fungal enzymes called KEX2 and KEX1. They developed a method to find and identify these peptides in mushroom tissues and confirmed they exist in both laboratory and edible mushroom species like shiitake and oyster mushrooms. When they removed the genes for these processing enzymes, the mushrooms had problems growing and forming fruiting bodies, suggesting these enzymes have important roles beyond just processing these specific peptides.

Exploring Mitochondrial Heterogeneity and Evolutionary Dynamics in Thelephora ganbajun through Population Genomics

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Scientists studied the mitochondrial DNA of an edible mushroom species found only in Yunnan, China, called Thelephora ganbajun. They discovered that these mushrooms have unusual genetic diversity in their mitochondria, with multiple different versions of certain genes coexisting within individual organisms. This genetic flexibility appears to be an adaptation that helps the species survive in diverse environmental conditions and prevents the accumulation of harmful mutations.

Research Keyword: basidiomycetes