antifungal therapy – Page 20

Breaking down biofilms across critical priority fungal pathogens: proteomics and computational innovation for mechanistic insights and new target discovery

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Fungal infections like cryptococcal meningitis and invasive aspergillosis are becoming increasingly difficult to treat because fungi form protective structures called biofilms that resist our current medications. Researchers are using advanced techniques like mass spectrometry to identify the proteins that help fungi build these biofilms, combined with artificial intelligence tools to design new drugs that could break down these protective shields. This combined approach offers hope for developing better antifungal treatments that could save millions of lives.

Phaeohyphomycosis due to Nigrograna chromolaenae in a cardiac transplant patient

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A 71-year-old heart transplant patient developed a slowly growing bump on his finger caused by a rare fungus called Nigrograna chromolaenae. Doctors initially tried common antifungal medications that didn’t work well, but the patient improved significantly when switched to posaconazole treatment. This is the first documented case of this particular fungus infecting a human, highlighting the importance of accurately identifying fungi to choose the right treatment.

Life-threatening airway stenosis due to Scedosporium infection during nontuberculous mycobacteria treatment: A case report

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A 73-year-old woman with arthritis treated with immunosuppressive drugs and a lung infection developed a life-threatening narrowing of her airway caused by a rare fungal infection called Scedosporium apiospermum. Doctors used a combination of emergency measures including a breathing support machine, insertion of a special tube to keep the airway open, and strong antifungal medication to treat the infection. After six months of treatment, the fungal infection was completely gone and the special airway tube was successfully removed, allowing normal healing.

A Case of Pulmonary Infection Due to Magnusiomyces capitatus in a Non-Immunocompromised Patient with Cerebral Palsy

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A young man with cerebral palsy developed a rare lung infection caused by Magnusiomyces capitatus, a fungus that usually only affects people with weakened immune systems. Doctors diagnosed the infection by analyzing fluid from his lungs and identified the fungus using advanced laboratory techniques. The patient improved after being treated with an antifungal medication called voriconazole. This case highlights that this rare fungal infection can occur in otherwise healthy people, especially those with conditions affecting their ability to clear lung secretions.

Fungal peritonitis in a patient on peritoneal dialysis caused by Hyphopichia burtonii: A rare pathogen in human infection

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A woman undergoing peritoneal dialysis for kidney failure developed a serious fungal infection caused by a rare yeast called Hyphopichia burtonii. Doctors identified the infection using advanced laboratory techniques and treated her with antifungal medication after removing her dialysis catheter. She recovered well and switched to a different type of dialysis. This case highlights how unusual fungi can cause infections in patients with weakened kidney function.

Gastrointestinal and Intra-Abdominal Mucormycosis in Non-Haematological Patients—A Comprehensive Review

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This review examines a serious but rare fungal infection called mucormycosis that affects the stomach and intestines. The infection most commonly occurs in patients with diabetes, those who have received organ transplants, or those in intensive care units. Diagnosis can be difficult because symptoms are non-specific, but prompt treatment with antifungal medications and surgery when possible significantly improves survival rates. Early recognition and rapid diagnosis are critical for patients to have the best outcomes.

Clinical Outcomes of Micafungin for Invasive Fungal Infections in the Obese and Nonobese

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This study examined whether obese patients treated with the antifungal drug micafungin for serious fungal infections had different outcomes compared to non-obese patients. Researchers reviewed 378 patient cases and found that both groups had similar success rates of about 50%, suggesting that the standard dose of micafungin works equally well in obese and non-obese patients. These findings suggest that doctors do not need to prescribe higher doses of micafungin specifically for obese patients, though more research is needed to fully understand how obesity affects antifungal treatment.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Due to COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis with Rare Extensive Tracheobronchial Pseudomembranous Involvement: A Case Report

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An elderly COVID-19 patient developed a rare and severe fungal infection caused by Aspergillus fungus in the airways, creating yellowish-white membrane-like deposits that blocked breathing. Despite identification of the fungus through examination and modern genetic testing, and treatment with antifungal medications, the patient’s condition worsened rapidly leading to organ failure and death. This case highlights how fungal infections can complicate COVID-19, especially in elderly patients on multiple medications, and stresses the importance of early recognition and immediate antifungal treatment.

Fluconazole worsened lung inflammation, partly through lung microbiome dysbiosis in mice with ovalbumin-induced asthma

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Fluconazole is an antifungal medication that works well for treating asthma caused by fungal infections, but may actually worsen asthma from other causes. In mice with allergic asthma, fluconazole killed beneficial bacteria and promoted the growth of harmful bacteria that increased inflammation. This study suggests that fluconazole should only be used for fungal-related asthma and careful monitoring is needed if used in patients with regular asthma.

Rhinocerebral Mucormycosis in a Patient With Diabetes: A Rare but Critical Infection in the United Arab Emirates

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A middle-aged man with undiagnosed diabetes developed a serious fungal infection called mucormycosis that affected his sinuses, eyes, and brain. He presented with flu-like symptoms and facial weakness, and blood tests showed dangerously high blood sugar and acid levels (diabetic ketoacidosis). Doctors treated him with multiple rounds of antifungal medications, several surgeries, and innovative injections directly into and around his eyes and spinal cord, resulting in his successful recovery and discharge.

Research Keyword: antifungal therapy