Researchers discovered two previously unknown fungal species and two new host associations of Nigrospora fungi found in Chinese agarwood trees (Aquilaria sinensis) from Guangxi province. Using both microscopic examination and DNA analysis, they identified and characterized these fungi as endophytes living within the plant tissues. These findings add to our understanding of fungal diversity in agarwood trees and may have applications for improving agarwood production in the traditional medicine and fragrance industries.