Disease: stem rot

Volatile Metabolome and Transcriptomic Analysis of Kosakonia cowanii Ch1 During Competitive Interaction with Sclerotium rolfsii Reveals New Biocontrol Insights

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Researchers found that a bacterium called K. cowanii produces special gases (volatile organic compounds) that kill fungal plant diseases like those caused by Sclerotium rolfsii. When grown together with this fungus, the bacterium produces these toxic gases which inhibit fungal growth by up to 80%. The study identified specific genes the bacteria activate to produce these antifungal compounds, offering a natural alternative to chemical fungicides for protecting crops.

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The Toxin-Producing Ability of Fusarium Proliferatum Strains Isolated from Grain

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Scientists studied a common fungus called Fusarium proliferatum that contaminates grain crops like wheat, oats, and maize. They identified 12 different strains of this fungus and tested how much toxic substances they could produce. All of the strains produced dangerous toxins called fumonisins and other harmful compounds that can make the grain unsafe to eat. The findings show farmers and grain producers need to monitor their crops carefully to prevent this fungal contamination.

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Sclerotinia rot of Zephyranthes candida caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Sclerotinia minor

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Researchers discovered that Zephyranthes candida, a popular ornamental plant, can be infected by two types of fungi: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Sclerotinia minor, causing a serious white mold disease. The study identified these pathogens and determined that they grow best in cool, acidic conditions with specific nutrients. This information will help gardeners and farmers develop better strategies to prevent and manage this disease on their plants.

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The Heterogeneity of Ornamental Plants in Nurseries Increases the Chance of Finding New Hosts for Phytophthora

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Ornamental plant nurseries in Mexico are frequently affected by Phytophthora pathogens that cause rotting, wilting, and dieback in flowers and ornamental plants. This study identified seven different Phytophthora species infecting 13 types of ornamental plants in Mexican nurseries, including two species never before reported as hosts for the pathogen anywhere in the world. The diversity of plants grown together in nurseries increases the likelihood that the pathogen will spread to new host plants and escape to home gardens and natural ecosystems.

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Volatile Metabolome and Transcriptomic Analysis of Kosakonia cowanii Ch1 During Competitive Interaction with Sclerotium rolfsii Reveals New Biocontrol Insights

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This research demonstrates how a beneficial bacterium called Kosakonia cowanii Ch1 can fight a harmful fungus that damages crops. The bacterium produces volatile chemicals that inhibit fungal growth and shows different gene activity depending on whether these chemicals are present. When the beneficial bacteria and fungus compete together with the volatiles present, the bacteria win by producing gas bubbles and effectively stopping the fungus. These findings suggest a natural alternative to chemical fungicides for protecting crops.

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Volatile Metabolome and Transcriptomic Analysis of Kosakonia cowanii Ch1 During Competitive Interaction with Sclerotium rolfsii Reveals New Biocontrol Insights

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Researchers studied how a beneficial bacterium called K. cowanii fights against a harmful soil fungus (S. rolfsii) that damages crops like chili peppers. The bacterium produces special smelly compounds (VOCs) that kill the fungus. When these compounds are present, the bacterium activates specific genes that help it produce substances to protect itself and inhibit fungal growth. This research could help farmers use natural biocontrol instead of chemical fungicides.

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Impact of Oxalic Acid Consumption and pH on the In Vitro Biological Control of Oxalogenic Phytopathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

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Scientists studied how bacteria that eat oxalic acid can control a destructive plant fungus called Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The fungus produces oxalic acid to damage crops, but when special bacteria consume this acid, they change the soil pH to become more alkaline, which the fungus cannot tolerate. This research shows that pH changes are just as important as removing the acid itself for controlling this pathogenic fungus in agriculture.

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