This study examined how exposure to multiple heavy metals during pregnancy affects babies’ health in a Chinese population. Researchers measured metal levels in urine samples from nearly 500 pregnant women and found that higher combined metal exposure increased risks of premature birth and low birth weight. The metal arsenic was particularly harmful for preterm birth risk, while selenium, thallium, and manganese together increased low birth weight risk. These findings suggest that pregnant women in areas with heavy metal pollution should take steps to reduce their exposure.