Disease: shoot blight

Pomegranate Woody Mycobiota Associated with Wood Decay

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Pomegranate trees in Italy are suffering from a wood disease that causes cankers and browning of the wood, leading to plant death and crop loss. Researchers identified multiple fungal species responsible for this disease, with Neofusicoccum parvum and Diaporthe species being the main culprits. Cold winter temperatures appear to weaken trees, making them susceptible to these fungal infections. Using advanced DNA analysis along with traditional methods, scientists confirmed which fungi cause the most damage and how the disease develops.

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Xylem Sap Mycobiota in Grapevine Naturally Infected with Xylella fastidiosa: A Case Study: Interaction of Xylella fastidiosa with Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

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Researchers studied the fungi living inside grapevine water-conducting tissues in Mallorca, Spain, where a bacterial disease called Pierce’s disease is spreading. They found both helpful and harmful fungi living alongside the disease-causing bacteria. When they tested what happens when both the bacteria and a fungal pathogen infect grapevines together in controlled conditions, the plants became much more severely damaged than with either pathogen alone, suggesting these microorganisms work together to harm the plant.

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Development of a molecular genetics and cell biology toolbox for the filamentous fungus Diplodia sapinea

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Scientists have developed new tools to study a fungus called Diplodia sapinea that damages pine trees around the world. They created a method to genetically modify this fungus and tag its cell nuclei with a red fluorescent marker so they can track the infection process. They also developed a simple way to test infections using young pine seedlings in the laboratory instead of large greenhouse setups. Using these new tools together, researchers can now watch in real-time how the fungus grows inside infected pine plants, which will help develop better ways to protect forests.

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Fungal Pathogens Associated with Tomicus Species in European Forests: Regional Variations and Impacts on Forest Health

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This study examined the fungi carried by small pine bark beetles across three European countries with different climates. Researchers found that environmental conditions in each region heavily influenced which fungi the beetles carried, rather than the beetle species itself. Some of the fungi found are known to damage pine trees and reduce forest health. The findings suggest that warming climates may worsen the problem by increasing beetle populations and spreading harmful fungi through forests.

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Elucidation of Twig Canker and Shoot Blight (TCSB) in Peach Caused by Diaporthe amygdali in the North of Italy in Emilia-Romagna

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Peach trees in northern Italy are suffering from a disease called twig canker and shoot blight caused by a fungus called Diaporthe amygdali. This research identified and characterized this fungus from affected orchards, studying how it grows at different temperatures to better understand and control the disease. The fungus grows best around 23-24°C and can survive extreme heat above 50°C. These findings will help fruit growers develop better strategies to protect their peach crops.

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