oxidative stress – Page 2

Physicochemical properties and fermentation characteristics of a novel polysaccharide degraded from Flammulina velutipes residues polysaccharide

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Researchers developed a new method to break down a large mushroom polysaccharide from golden needle mushroom plant residues into smaller, more useful molecules. The smaller version works better as an antioxidant and helps feed beneficial gut bacteria, producing beneficial compounds that support digestive health. This discovery could lead to new functional food products and health supplements using mushroom waste that would otherwise be discarded.

Biotransformation of Pesticides across Biological Systems: Molecular Mechanisms, Omics Insights, and Biotechnological Advances for Environmental Sustainability

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This review explains how living organisms like bacteria, plants, and animals break down pesticides through biological processes called biotransformation. The body uses special enzymes to transform pesticides into forms that are easier to eliminate. Understanding these natural cleanup processes helps scientists develop better strategies to remove pesticide pollution from soil and water, protecting both human health and ecosystems.

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of neuroprotective antioxidants from Ganoderma lucidum

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This research studied how to best extract healing compounds from the reishi mushroom (Ganoderma lucidum), an important traditional Chinese medicine. Using advanced extraction techniques and computer modeling, scientists identified optimal conditions that doubled the amount of beneficial antioxidants obtained compared to conventional methods. They then tested these extracts on nerve cells in the laboratory, demonstrating that the extracts effectively protected cells from oxidative damage and injury.

Advances in Bioprocess Engineering for Optimising Chlorella vulgaris Fermentation: Biotechnological Innovations and Applications

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Chlorella vulgaris is a nutrient-rich microalga gaining popularity in health supplements, functional foods, and sustainable energy production. Scientists are using advanced genetic engineering techniques, special fermentation methods, and innovative bioreactor designs to increase the production of beneficial compounds like proteins and antioxidants. These improvements make Chlorella more valuable for creating health-promoting foods, medicines, and biofuels while keeping production costs low and environmentally sustainable.

Nettle (Urtica cannabina L.) polysaccharides as a novel dietary supplement: enhancing systemic antioxidant status via modulation of the gut–liver axis

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This study found that nettle polysaccharides, especially at lower doses, act as a natural supplement that boosts the body’s antioxidant defenses. The supplement works by promoting beneficial bacteria in the gut, which produce helpful metabolites that signal to the liver to enhance protective antioxidant enzymes. These findings suggest nettle polysaccharides could be a promising natural ingredient for health-conscious food products aimed at maintaining metabolic wellness.

Bacterial Cytochrome P450 Involvement in the Biodegradation of Fluorinated Pyrethroids

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Scientists isolated a soil bacterium called Bacillus sp. MFK14 that can completely break down toxic fluorinated pesticides (specifically β-cyfluthrin and λ-cyhalothrin) within just two days. These pesticides are widely used in agriculture but persist in the environment and accumulate in living tissues, causing health problems. The study shows that special bacterial enzymes called cytochrome P450 play a key role in breaking these pesticides apart into less harmful products like fluoride ions. This discovery offers a promising natural solution for cleaning up pesticide-contaminated soil and water.

Effects of fiber sources with different solubilities on the growth performance, nutrient metabolism, antioxidant, immune capacity and intestinal health of meat geese

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This study examined how different types of dietary fiber affect the health and growth of meat geese. Researchers compared three fiber sources with different levels of solubility: wheat bran (highly soluble), alfalfa meal (moderately soluble), and bamboo meal (low solubility). They found that the highly soluble fiber source improved growth, enhanced immune and antioxidant functions in the intestines, and promoted beneficial bacteria, making it the best choice for geese farming.

Emerging Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Sustainable Agriculture: From Biology to Field Application

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are microscopic fungi that naturally partner with plant roots to help them grow stronger and healthier. These fungi can improve crop productivity without chemical fertilizers by helping plants absorb water and nutrients, resist drought and salty soils, and fight off diseases. Scientists are now developing commercial products containing these beneficial fungi to help farmers grow crops more sustainably and organically.

Enhancing the Nutritional Value and Antioxidant Activity of Auricularia polytricha Through Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Waste

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Researchers successfully grew Auricularia polytricha mushrooms using agricultural waste like cotton, coix seed, and wheat straw instead of expensive wood chips. The mushrooms grown this way not only matured 16 days faster but also contained significantly more nutrients including proteins, minerals, and beneficial compounds with antioxidant properties. This approach provides an affordable, environmentally friendly solution while producing healthier mushrooms.

Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds and Comparison of Heat Resistance Related Gene Expression in Pleurotus ostreatus Under Heat Stress

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This study examined how oyster mushrooms respond to high temperatures at different growth stages. Researchers found that young mycelium and mature fruiting bodies use different strategies to survive heat stress, which affects the flavor compounds they produce. Mycelium produces more of certain volatile compounds under heat stress, while fruiting bodies actually lose their characteristic mushroom flavor compound called 1-Octen-3-ol.

Disease: oxidative stress