In-ovo injection of Bacillus subtilis, raffinose, and their combinations enhances hatchability, gut health, nutrient transport- and intestinal function-related genes, and early development of broiler chicks
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Researchers injected newly developing chicken eggs with beneficial bacteria (Bacillus subtilis) and a prebiotic substance (raffinose) to improve chick health. The treatment enhanced egg hatchability, improved chick weight, reduced harmful bacteria in the gut, and strengthened intestinal function. This approach shows promise as a natural alternative to antibiotics in poultry farming.