melanoma – Page 3 – mycolab.ai

Novel tyrosinase-inhibitory peptides derived from Locusta migratoria protein hydrolysates: Preparation, identification and molecular docking analysis

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Scientists have discovered that peptides from locusts can effectively inhibit tyrosinase, an enzyme responsible for skin pigmentation. These peptide extracts showed strong ability to prevent melanin production, comparable to existing skin-whitening agents but with much lower toxicity to normal cells. The research identified over 1100 different peptide sequences that could be useful in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products for treating age spots, freckles, and other pigmentation issues.

Marine-derived Acremonium strain prioritization using untargeted metabolomics approach for the identification of cytotoxic cyclic depsipeptides

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Researchers discovered five potent anti-cancer compounds from Arctic fungi called Acremonium strains. Using advanced chemical analysis techniques, they identified and tested these cyclic depsipeptides against various cancer cell types. The most active compound showed promising results against breast cancer and melanoma cells with extremely low concentrations needed for effect. These findings suggest Arctic microorganisms could be valuable sources for developing new cancer treatments.

Synthesis and biological assessment of novel 4H-chromene-3-carbonitrile derivatives as tyrosinase inhibitors

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Researchers developed new chemical compounds that can block tyrosinase, an enzyme responsible for producing excessive skin pigment that causes dark spots and discoloration. The most effective compound (6f) works better than kojic acid, a commonly used skin-lightening ingredient, and could lead to safer treatments for hyperpigmentation and related skin conditions. Computer simulations showed that one form of the compound fits better into the enzyme’s active site, making it more effective at preventing melanin production.

Effects of Natural Polysaccharides on the Gut Microbiota Related to Human Metabolic Health

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Natural plant and organism sugars called polysaccharides can improve your gut health by feeding beneficial bacteria and strengthening your intestinal barrier. These compounds help prevent diseases like obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory bowel disease by changing the types of bacteria in your gut and producing helpful substances. Polysaccharides come from common foods like mushrooms, seaweed, berries, and vegetables, making them potential natural treatments for various health conditions.

Phytochemicals as promising agents in Axl-targeted cancer treatment

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This review examines natural plant compounds that can block Axl, a protein that helps cancer cells survive and spread. Scientists found that compounds from common foods like apples, grapes, green tea, ginger, and chamomile can reduce Axl levels and kill cancer cells. These natural compounds work through different mechanisms and show promise for treating various cancers, including those resistant to standard chemotherapy drugs.

Nomilin from Yuzu Seed Has In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Downregulates Melanogenesis in B16F10 Melanoma Cells through the PKA/CREB Signaling Pathway

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Scientists extracted a compound called nomilin from yuzu seeds and tested whether it could lighten skin by reducing melanin production. They found that nomilin works by blocking an enzyme called tyrosinase that makes melanin, and it reduces the activity of cell signaling pathways involved in skin darkening. The study shows nomilin could be used as a natural skin-whitening ingredient in cosmetics without the side effects of synthetic alternatives.

Lectins as versatile tools to explore cellular glycosylation

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Lectins are natural proteins that selectively bind to sugars on cell surfaces, discovered over 130 years ago as tools for studying cell chemistry. They have become especially valuable in cancer research, revealing how cancer cells have abnormal sugar patterns that predict how aggressively they spread. Modern biotechnology now allows scientists to create enhanced lectin versions and use them in high-throughput screening to discover new disease markers and improve patient diagnosis.

Hirsutanone Isolated from the Bark of Alnus japonica Attenuates Melanogenesis via Dual Inhibition of Tyrosinase Activity and Expression of Melanogenic Proteins

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Researchers found that hirsutanone, a natural compound from East Asian alder bark, can reduce skin pigmentation by blocking melanin production through two mechanisms: directly inhibiting the tyrosinase enzyme and suppressing the cellular signals that trigger melanin-producing genes. In laboratory tests with both mouse and human skin cells, hirsutanone proved more effective than a related compound called oregonin at reducing melanin without harming the cells. This discovery suggests hirsutanone could potentially be developed into a treatment for pigmentation problems like age spots and melasma.

The mycelium of the Trametes versicolor synn. Coriolus versicolor (Turkey tail mushroom) exhibit anti-melanoma activity in vitro

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Turkey tail mushrooms, used in traditional Chinese medicine for thousands of years, show promise in fighting melanoma skin cancer. Scientists tested mushroom extracts on melanoma cells in the laboratory and found they kill cancer cells through multiple mechanisms, including triggering programmed cell death and activating the immune system. The mushroom extract also reduced cancer cell migration and showed potential to work better when combined with standard chemotherapy drugs like paclitaxel. These findings suggest turkey tail could be a valuable addition to melanoma treatment strategies.

Chemical Composition and In Vitro Biological Activity of the Polar and Non-Polar Fractions Obtained from the Roots of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. et Maxim.) Maxim

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Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus) roots contain powerful antioxidant compounds that may help with inflammation, blood sugar control, and brain health. Researchers found that certain plant fractions were particularly rich in protective compounds like chlorogenic acid and caffeic acid. However, the study also discovered a concerning finding: these plant compounds protected cancer cells from chemotherapy drugs, suggesting people undergoing cancer treatment should be cautious about using this supplement.

Disease: melanoma