Disease: Environmental contamination

Characterization of the Enzymatic and Biosorption Processes Involved in the Decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R Dye by Pleurotus ostreatus Pellets

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Researchers used oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) pellets to remove toxic blue dye commonly found in textile wastewater. The study found that these mushroom pellets achieved 98.5% dye removal through multiple mechanisms: special enzymes (laccase and peroxidase) that break down the dye molecules, and physical absorption where the dye sticks to the mushroom cells. The mushroom could also use the dye as a food source, making this an effective and sustainable approach for cleaning industrial wastewater.

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Mycoremediation of Petroleum-Contaminated Soil Using Native Ganoderma and Trametes Strains from the Ecuadorian Amazon

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Oil spills in the Amazon rainforest cause serious environmental and health problems. Scientists discovered that certain mushroom fungi found in Ecuador can break down petroleum pollutants in soil more effectively than natural processes. In lab tests, five native fungal strains removed over 96% of petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated soil in just 60 days, offering a promising natural solution for cleaning up oil-polluted areas.

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A new type of calcium-rich biochars derived from spent mushroom substrates and their efficient adsorption properties for cationic dyes

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Researchers developed a low-cost material called biochar from leftover mushroom growing substrates that can effectively remove harmful dyes from wastewater. By heating these spent mushroom substrates to high temperatures, they created a porous material rich in calcium that works as a powerful filter. This biochar can be used multiple times and doesn’t require expensive chemical treatments, making it practical for large-scale wastewater cleanup in textile and related industries.

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Harnessing pycnidia-forming fungi for eco-friendly nanoparticle production, applications, and limitations

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Scientists are using special fungi called pycnidial fungi to create tiny nanoparticles that could revolutionize medicine and environmental cleanup. These fungi naturally produce chemicals that can turn metal into useful nanoparticles without the toxic processes used in factories. The resulting nanoparticles show promise in fighting bacteria, cancer cells, and cleaning polluted water, offering a safer and more eco-friendly alternative to traditional methods.

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Enhanced biodegradation of fluorinated pharmaceutical by Aspergillus flavus and Cunninghamella elegans biofilms: kinetics and mechanisms

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This study demonstrates that two types of fungi, Aspergillus flavus and Cunninghamella elegans, can effectively remove persistent pharmaceutical pollution from wastewater when grown as biofilms on foam carriers. The fungi achieved removal rates of 92-98% for three common medications (atorvastatin, ciprofloxacin, and fluoxetine) much faster than previously reported methods. Unlike traditional fungal treatments that depend on lignin, these fungi can work in diverse environments, making them practical for wastewater treatment plants and offering a sustainable biological solution to pharmaceutical pollution.

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Bioaccumulation and physiological changes in the fruiting body of Agaricus bisporus (Large) sing in response to cadmium

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This research shows that button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) can absorb and accumulate harmful cadmium from contaminated soil. When exposed to cadmium stress, the mushrooms increase their protective chemical defenses, including antioxidant enzymes and organic acids, to survive the toxic conditions. The study demonstrates that these edible mushrooms could potentially be used as a practical and cost-effective method to clean up cadmium-polluted soils.

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Adaptability assessment of Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus isolated from long-term municipal/industrial effluent-irrigated soils to cadmium stress

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Scientists studied two types of fungi that can survive in soil contaminated with cadmium, a toxic heavy metal from industrial waste. These fungi can accumulate and remove cadmium from their environment while producing protective chemicals that help them survive the metal’s toxic effects. The research shows these fungi could potentially be used as a biological solution to clean up contaminated soils, offering a more sustainable alternative to traditional chemical cleanup methods.

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