diabetes mellitus – Page 6

Acute fungal endometritis in women with abnormal uterine bleeding: Clinical and microbiological insights

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This study examined a rare fungal infection of the uterus called fungal endometritis that causes abnormal bleeding and discomfort in women. Researchers found that about 12% of women with unexplained abnormal bleeding had this fungal infection, which was caused by different species of Candida yeast. A simple test using vaginal swabs was not effective for diagnosis; instead, doctors needed to take samples directly from the uterine lining. Treatment with an antifungal medication called voriconazole combined with surgical cleaning was successful in all cases studied.

Invasive Fusarium rhinosinusitis in COVID-19 patients: report of three cases with successful management

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This study reports three cases of rare fungal sinus infections caused by Fusarium species that developed in COVID-19 patients. All three patients were successfully treated with a combination of surgical removal of infected tissue and antifungal medications. The cases highlight how COVID-19 and the use of steroids to treat it can increase the risk of serious fungal infections, emphasizing the importance of early detection and prompt treatment.

Favourable outcome of Fusarium prosthetic valve endocarditis in a patient with an Ebstein anomaly

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A 26-year-old woman with a congenital heart condition (Ebstein anomaly) received a replacement heart valve. Six months later, a rare fungal infection caused by Fusarium developed on the new valve, leading to lung complications. Through a combination of surgery to remove the infected valve and antifungal medications, particularly voriconazole, the patient recovered successfully. This case demonstrates that even life-threatening fungal heart infections can be treated with proper surgical intervention and targeted medication.

A cross-sectional study of the association between plant-based diet indices and kidney stones among Iranian adults

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A study of nearly 10,000 Iranian adults found that people who followed a plant-based diet had a higher risk of developing kidney stones. However, the quality of plant-based eating did not matter—neither healthful nor unhealthful plant-based diets changed the risk significantly. This suggests that while plant-based diets are generally healthy, people at risk for kidney stones should ensure adequate calcium intake and proper hydration.

Trichosporon Urinary Tract Infections: A Hidden Menace Revealed

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Trichosporon is a fungus that causes urinary tract infections primarily in hospitalized patients and those with weakened immune systems. This review found that Trichosporon asahii is the most common species responsible for these infections, especially in patients with prolonged hospital stays or using immunosuppressive medications. The drug voriconazole works best against this fungus, while some common antifungal medications like amphotericin B are less effective. Accurate identification using modern laboratory techniques is crucial for proper treatment.

Reprogramming astrocytic NDRG2/NF-κB/C3 signaling restores the diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction

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This study found that regular exercise helps protect the brain of diabetic people from cognitive decline by boosting a protein called NDRG2 in astrocytes (brain support cells). The research shows that NDRG2 works by blocking harmful immune responses that damage synapses (connections between brain cells). In diabetic mice, exercise improved memory and learning ability while increasing NDRG2 levels, while blocking this protein reversed these benefits.

Epidemiology and outcomes of Candida-associated osteoarticular infections: A multicentre retrospective study from Turkey

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Researchers in Turkey studied 73 patients with rare bone and joint infections caused by Candida fungi over 10 years. They found that about half of the infections were caused by species other than the common C. albicans, with some showing resistance to fluconazole antibiotics. Surgical procedures to clean out infected tissue significantly improved patient recovery, while patients with diabetes had worse outcomes and recovered less completely.

Mixed Infection With Aspergillosis and Actinomycosis in the Maxillary Sinus: A Case Report

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A 74-year-old woman had a purulent nasal discharge for 1.5 years caused by two different infections occurring simultaneously in her maxillary sinus: aspergillosis (a fungal infection) and actinomycosis (a bacterial infection). Imaging initially suggested only a fungal ball, but pathological examination revealed both organisms were present. The patient was successfully treated with surgical removal of the infected material followed by antibiotic therapy.

Rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in diabetic ketoacidosis: A classic clinical presentation still unknown in Senegal

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A young woman in Senegal with uncontrolled diabetes developed a serious fungal infection affecting her eye and brain caused by Rhizopus oryzae. Despite showing classic warning signs like swelling and tissue death, the infection was not diagnosed quickly enough, and the necessary antifungal medication (amphotericin B) was not available, resulting in her death within three days. This case highlights how invasive fungal infections are underrecognized and undertreated in Africa due to limited laboratory capacity and drug availability.

Phaeohyphomycosis due to Nigrograna chromolaenae in a cardiac transplant patient

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A 71-year-old heart transplant patient developed a slowly growing bump on his finger caused by a rare fungus called Nigrograna chromolaenae. Doctors initially tried common antifungal medications that didn’t work well, but the patient improved significantly when switched to posaconazole treatment. This is the first documented case of this particular fungus infecting a human, highlighting the importance of accurately identifying fungi to choose the right treatment.

Disease: diabetes mellitus