Disease: Branch canker

The dark side of avocados: a review of anthracnose and stem-end rot in postharvest fruit

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Avocados are a valuable global fruit crop, but two fungal diseases—anthracnose and stem-end rot—cause major economic losses by making fruit unmarketable. These fungi infect avocados in the orchard but remain hidden until the fruit ripens, making them difficult to detect and control. Recent advances in detection technology and disease management strategies, including biological controls and natural treatments, offer promising solutions to reduce losses and keep avocados fresh from farm to table.

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Isolation, Identification, and In Vitro Fungicide Screening of the Pathogen Associated with Pear Dry Blight

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Pear dry blight is a serious fungal disease affecting pear orchards in China. Researchers identified the fungus Diaporthe fukushii as the cause and tested various fungicides to find the most effective treatments. The study found that thiophanate-methyl and difenoconazole mixed with propiconazole work best, while some other fungicides are less effective. The research provides farmers with evidence-based strategies to manage this devastating disease.

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Vulnerability of Walnut Pruning Wounds to Fungal Trunk Pathogens and Seasonal Conidial Dynamics of Botryosphaeriaceae in the Maule Region, Chile

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When walnut trees are pruned, the resulting wounds are exposed to dangerous fungi that can cause branch die-back and significantly reduce crop yield. This research found that freshly cut pruning wounds are most vulnerable to infection, especially from aggressive fungi like Diplodia mutila, but this vulnerability decreases over time. The fungi spread their spores mainly during wet winter months when rainfall and humidity are high, so timing pruning operations to avoid these periods and protecting wounds with fungicides could substantially reduce disease losses in walnut orchards.

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