Scientists discovered that a disease-causing gene called ToxA, previously found only in three wheat-infecting fungi, is also present in a fourth fungal species called Alternaria ventricosa. This gene travels between fungal species through special jumping DNA elements called Starships. The study reveals how fungi share dangerous genes through a process called horizontal gene transfer, which helps them become better at attacking crops. Understanding this process could help farmers and scientists develop better ways to prevent fungal diseases.