This study examined rare but serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium and Lomentospora in lung transplant patients. Of 576 transplant recipients, 11 (2%) developed these infections, which are difficult to treat due to natural resistance to most antifungal medications. The infection type greatly influenced outcomes, with disseminated Lomentospora infections causing 100% mortality despite treatment. The research highlights the urgent need for new diagnostic methods and more effective antifungal drugs to combat these emerging pathogens.