Anti-Therapeutic Action: efflux pump-mediated drug resistance

Overexpression of efflux pump and biofilm associated genes in itraconazole resistant Candida albicans isolates causing onychomycosis

This research examines why some fungal infections of the nails resist treatment with the antifungal drug itraconazole. Scientists found that resistant fungi produce more proteins that pump the drug out of their cells (efflux pumps) and form protective biofilm structures. Understanding these resistance mechanisms could help develop better combination treatments that work alongside antifungal drugs to overcome resistance.

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Characterization of Biofilm Formation by the Dermatophyte Nannizzia gypsea

This study examined how Nannizzia gypsea, a fungus that causes skin infections in humans and animals, forms protective biofilms that make it resistant to antifungal drugs. Researchers found that the fungus creates a robust protective layer with specific molecular components and highly expresses genes related to virulence and drug resistance when in biofilm form. These findings help explain why dermatophyte infections are difficult to treat and recur frequently.

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