Antibiotic resistance development

Impact of veterinary pharmaceuticals on environment and their mitigation through microbial bioremediation

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Veterinary medicines used in livestock are contaminating our water and soil, creating serious problems like antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Scientists are discovering that natural microorganisms like bacteria and fungi can break down these pharmaceutical pollutants effectively. Advanced technologies combining microbes with electrical systems show promise for cleaning up contaminated wastewater, offering hope for a more sustainable solution to this growing environmental problem.

Microplastics and antibiotic resistance genes as rising threats: Their interaction represents an urgent environmental concern

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Tiny plastic particles called microplastics are spreading through our environment and creating a dangerous partnership with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. When these plastics accumulate in soil, water, and even food, they carry bacteria with genes that resist antibiotics, making infections harder to treat. This combined threat to human health can spread through wind, water, and the food chain, requiring urgent action to reduce plastic pollution and antibiotic overuse.

Comprehensive whole metagenomics analysis uncovers microbial community and resistome variability across anthropogenically contaminated soils in urban and suburban areas of Tamil Nadu, India

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Researchers analyzed soil samples from eight polluted locations in India to understand how microbes adapt to heavy metal and chemical contamination. They discovered that contaminated soils harbor many bacteria with antibiotic resistance genes and genes that help them survive toxic metals. The most common resistance mechanism was through special pumps that bacteria use to expel antibiotics. This research highlights how polluted environments become reservoirs of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, emphasizing the need for targeted cleanup strategies to protect human and environmental health.

The potential of fungi in the bioremediation of pharmaceutically active compounds: a comprehensive review

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Pharmaceutical drugs that we take end up in our water systems because our bodies don’t fully process them. Fungi, especially types of mushrooms, have powerful enzymes that can break down these drug residues and clean contaminated water. Scientists are studying how to use these fungi in treatment systems to remove medications from hospital wastewater and drinking water sources.

Recent advances in microbial engineering approaches for wastewater treatment: a review

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This review explains how microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, and algae can clean polluted water more effectively and cheaply than traditional methods. These microbes break down harmful chemicals, remove heavy metals, and clean industrial waste. Using multiple types of microbes together (microbial consortium) works better than using a single type, making it an environmentally friendly and economical solution for treating wastewater worldwide.

Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Agricultural Soils: A Comprehensive Review of the Hidden Crisis and Exploring Control Strategies

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Antibiotics used in farming and medicine are creating resistant bacteria that accumulate in soil, threatening food safety and human health through the food chain. This review explains how these resistant genes spread through soil microorganisms and presents practical solutions including special soil treatments, chemical processes, and beneficial microorganisms to reduce the problem. The authors emphasize the need for stricter regulations on antibiotic use in agriculture and better management of farm manure to protect both soil health and public health.

Evaluation of Antibiotic Biodegradation by a Versatile and Highly Active Recombinant Laccase from the Thermoalkaliphilic Bacterium Bacillus sp. FNT

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Scientists have developed a special enzyme from heat-loving bacteria that can break down tetracycline antibiotics in wastewater. Using this enzyme called FNTL along with a natural chemical helper called acetosyringone, they were able to eliminate over 90% of tetracycline in laboratory tests. This breakthrough offers a promising new way to clean up pharmaceutical pollution in water, which is important because antibiotics in the environment can contribute to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

Bacterial–Fungal Interactions: Mutualism, Antagonism, and Competition

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Bacteria and fungi in animal bodies interact in three main ways: they help each other (mutualism), fight each other (antagonism), or compete for resources. These interactions happen in the gut, rumen, and skin of animals. Understanding how to balance these relationships can help create better probiotics and natural alternatives to antibiotics for treating infections and improving animal health.

Pharmaceutical Pollution in Aquatic Environments: A Concise Review of Environmental Impacts and Bioremediation Systems

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Medications we take for health are ending up in our water supplies in significant amounts because standard water treatment plants cannot remove them effectively. These pharmaceutical residues are harming wildlife and aquatic ecosystems, causing problems like population declines in birds, developmental issues in fish, and the spread of antibiotic resistance. Scientists are developing new bioremediation technologies, particularly using fungi and mycoremediation, to better remove these drugs from wastewater before they reach our water bodies.

Anti-Therapeutic Action: Antibiotic resistance development