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Valorization of Mushroom By-products as a Source of Value-Added Compounds and Potential Applications

Summary

This research examines how waste products from mushroom production can be transformed into valuable materials and compounds instead of being discarded. The study shows that mushroom by-products contain beneficial substances that can be extracted and used in various applications from food supplements to building materials. This has important implications for reducing waste and creating sustainable products. Key impacts on everyday life: – Reduction of agricultural waste through conversion into useful products – Development of natural alternatives to synthetic materials and chemicals – Creation of new sustainable materials for packaging and construction – Production of natural ingredients for food, supplements and cosmetics – Lower environmental impact from mushroom farming industry

Background

The food sector is increasingly concerned with environmental issues and developing strategies to reduce waste and losses from food system activities. Mushroom by-products represent both a disposal problem and a promising source of valuable compounds with functional and nutritional properties. Research has focused on obtaining value-added solutions from by-products generated during mushroom production and processing.

Objective

This review aims to highlight the relevant composition of mushroom by-products and discuss their potential as a source of functional compounds and other applications. The review examines extraction methods and applications of bioactive compounds from mushroom by-products obtained through both solid substrate fermentation and submerged liquid fermentation techniques.

Results

The review found that mushroom by-products contain valuable compounds like polysaccharides, chitosan, enzymes, phenolics and other bioactives that can be extracted using various methods. Applications include animal feed, fertilizers, bioremediation, energy production, bio-based materials, cosmetics and cosmeceuticals. Polysaccharides were the most studied compounds across all by-product types. Spent mushroom substrate showed promise for enzyme extraction and bioremediation. Novel applications in bio-based materials and energy production demonstrated economic potential.

Conclusion

Future research needs to explore pilot and industrial scale extraction methods to understand the technological feasibility and economic sustainability of bioactive compounds extraction and valorization from mushroom by-products. While many promising applications exist, more work is needed on scale-up, process optimization, and regulatory compliance to enable commercial implementation. The review highlights the significant potential for mushroom by-products to contribute to circular economy and waste reduction goals.
  • Published in:Molecules,
  • Study Type:Review,
  • Source: 10.3390/molecules25112672
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