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Upregulation of ACC deaminase gene in Bacillus velezensis UTB96 improved yield and shelf Life of Agaricus bisporus

Summary

Researchers developed a way to improve button mushroom production using a beneficial bacterium treated with calcium chloride. This treatment boosts the bacteria’s ability to reduce ethylene, a natural plant hormone that causes mushrooms to age quickly. The treated mushrooms showed 23% higher yields and stayed fresh for at least three weeks in storage without browning, making them more appealing to consumers.

Background

Agaricus bisporus is the most extensively consumed edible mushroom globally. Ethylene secreted by mushroom mycelium suppresses fruiting initiation. ACC deaminase-producing bacteria can reduce ethylene levels by cleaving ACC to α-ketobutyrate and ammonia.

Objective

To evaluate the effect of various salts on Bacillus velezensis UTB96 population and ACC deaminase activity, and assess their impact on button mushroom yield and shelf life.

Results

CaCl2 at 20 mM showed highest bacterial population and ACC deaminase expression (20.9-fold upregulation). Yield increased 23% with UTB96 cultured in CaCl2-supplemented medium and 18% with MnSO4. Mushrooms treated with UTB96 in CaCl2 medium showed superior shelf life and acceptability with no brown spots after three weeks.

Conclusion

UTB96 grown in CaCl2-supplemented medium enhanced ACC deaminase expression, reduced ethylene levels, and significantly improved button mushroom yield, dry weight, and shelf life. These results have practical applications for improving commercial mushroom production quality and longevity.
  • Published in:Scientific Reports,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 10.1038/s41598-024-82167-3, PMID: 39730756
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