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Universal Platform Based on Carbon Nanotubes Functionalised with Carboxylic Acid Groups for Multi-Analyte Enzymatic Biosensing

Summary

Scientists have created a tiny biosensor platform using carbon nanotubes that can detect multiple important molecules in blood and food simultaneously. The sensor uses special enzymes that recognize glucose, lactate, glutamate, and dopamine, making it useful for monitoring diabetes, fatigue levels, and brain chemistry. By adding another enzyme called catalase, the sensor works even better and across a wider range of concentrations. Tests on real blood and food samples show the sensor accurately measures these important biomarkers, making it potentially valuable for both health monitoring and food quality testing.

Background

Carbon nanotubes possess unique electrochemical properties and extensive surface area making them highly attractive for biomedical applications. Enzymatic biosensors based on oxidase enzymes are widely employed for selective detection of bioanalytes. This work develops a universal oxygen-sensitive platform using carboxylic-acid-functionalised carbon nanotubes deposited onto nanostructured gold electrodes.

Objective

To develop and characterize a carbon nanotube-based electrochemical platform for parallel multi-analyte enzymatic biosensing of glucose, lactate, glutamate, and dopamine. To demonstrate the capability for simultaneous and independent measurement of bioanalytes under uniform conditions in real-world samples.

Results

The platform demonstrated oxygen sensitivity and enabled selective biosensing of multiple analytes. Incorporating catalase significantly extended the linear detection range by mitigating hydrogen peroxide accumulation. The multifunctional biosensor successfully measured glucose and lactate simultaneously in blood plasma samples and glutamate in food products, with sensitivities ranging from 0.88 to 2400 µA mM⁻¹ cm⁻².

Conclusion

A universal nanostructured carbon nanotube-based biosensing platform was successfully developed for selective detection of multiple bioanalytes under uniform operating conditions. The platform is particularly suitable for FAD-based oxidase detection and demonstrates potential applications in health and food technologies.
  • Published in:Biosensors (Basel),
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 10.3390/bios15100686; PMID: 41149338
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