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Three New Trichoderma Species in Harzianum Clade Associated with the Contaminated Substrates of Edible Fungi

Summary

This research identified three new species of fungi that can contaminate and damage commercially grown edible mushrooms. Understanding these contaminating fungi is crucial for protecting mushroom crops and reducing economic losses in the mushroom cultivation industry. Impacts on everyday life: • Helps protect commercial mushroom production which affects food supply and prices • Improves quality control in mushroom farming • Contributes to better disease management in agriculture • Supports food security by reducing crop losses • Advances scientific knowledge of fungal biodiversity

Background

Trichoderma is known worldwide as biocontrol agents of plant diseases, producers of enzymes and antibiotics, and competitive contaminants of edible fungi. The Harzianum clade consists of more than 95 accepted species that play important roles in agriculture and industry. Green mold contamination caused by Trichoderma species has been a major constraint in edible fungi cultivation since the 1980s, causing 10-20% economic losses in total production.

Objective

To investigate Trichoderma species contaminating substrates of edible fungi in North China and identify novel species belonging to the Harzianum clade. The study aimed to extend understanding of Trichoderma species contaminating edible fungi substrates and update knowledge of species diversity in this group.

Results

The study identified 39 strains belonging to 10 Trichoderma species isolated from four kinds of edible fungi. Three novel species belonging to the Harzianum clade were discovered: T. auriculariae, T. miyunense, and T. pholiotae. These were isolated from contaminated substrates of Auricularia heimuer and Pholiota adipose. Each new species showed distinct morphological and genetic characteristics that differentiated them from closely related species.

Conclusion

The research enriched the biodiversity knowledge of Trichoderma and provided important support for systematic development of the Harzianum clade. The findings have practical implications for identifying and diagnosing Trichoderma species contaminating edible fungi and provide useful information on epidemiological and geographical distribution that can help develop targeted interventions for managing green mold contamination.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.3390/jof8111154
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