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The Velvet Complex Is Essential for Sclerotia Formation and Virulence in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Summary

Scientists studied a destructive fungus that damages crops by identifying key genes controlling its ability to form protective resting structures called sclerotia and cause disease. Using genetic screening techniques, they discovered that two genes called SsLae1 and SsVel1 work together as master controllers of both the fungus’s survival and its ability to infect plants. These findings could help develop new ways to control the disease by targeting these critical genes.

Background

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a destructive soilborne fungal pathogen that causes Sclerotinia stem rot in many economically important crops. The pathogen forms sclerotia, resilient dormant structures that persist in soil for years. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of sclerotia formation is crucial for developing effective control strategies.

Objective

To identify and characterize the molecular regulators of sclerotia formation and virulence in S. sclerotiorum through forward genetic screens. The study aimed to reveal the role of the velvet complex components in fungal development and pathogenicity.

Results

Two core components of the conserved fungal velvet complex, SsLae1 and SsVel1, were identified as essential regulators of sclerotia formation and virulence. Disruption of either gene abolished sclerotia formation, impaired compound appressorium development, and significantly reduced virulence. RNA-seq revealed widespread downregulation of developmental and virulence regulators in the Ssvel1 mutant.

Conclusion

The velvet complex functions as a master regulator for both sclerotia development and virulence in S. sclerotiorum, integrating multiple signaling pathways. These findings establish the velvet complex as a promising target for disease management through approaches such as host-induced gene silencing.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi,
  • Study Type:Experimental Genetics Study,
  • Source: PMID: 41295166, DOI: 10.3390/jof11110786
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