The serine palmitoyl transferase of plant pathogenic fungi: a promising new target for the development of novel crop protection solutions

Summary

Scientists have discovered a new type of fungicide called pyridazine carboxamides that effectively kill plant-damaging fungi by blocking a key enzyme involved in their cell membrane formation. These compounds work against many common crop diseases like gray mold and leaf spots, though they are less effective against certain wheat pathogens. The research validates this new approach as a promising tool for protecting crops and managing fungicide resistance while maintaining global food security.

Background

Plant pathogens pose a significant threat to global agriculture and food supplies. Current fungicides face resistance challenges, necessitating development of compounds with new modes of action. Pyridazine carboxamides (PCs) represent a novel fungicide class targeting serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT), an enzyme crucial for sphingolipid biosynthesis in fungi.

Objective

To explore the efficacy, mechanism of action, and biochemical validation of pyridazine carboxamides as SPT inhibitors against a wide range of Ascomycota plant pathogens.

Results

PCs demonstrated strong biological efficacy against multiple Ascomycetes in vitro and in planta, though less effective against Zymoseptoria tritici. UV-resistant mutants exhibited mutations in the LCB2 subunit of SPT. Metabolomic analysis revealed sphingolipid depletion, and biochemical assays confirmed SPT inhibition. DHS supplementation reversed PC fungicidal activity.

Conclusion

PCs represent a validated novel mode of action for fungal control through SPT inhibition, offering potential for resistance management and agricultural productivity improvement.
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