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The Potential of Peroxidases Extracted from the Spent Mushroom (Flammulina velutipes) Substrate Significantly Degrade Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol

Summary

This research shows how enzymes extracted from leftover mushroom growing materials can break down dangerous mold toxins in animal feed. This discovery has several important real-world implications: • Provides a natural and cost-effective way to make contaminated animal feed safe again • Helps reduce agricultural waste by finding valuable uses for spent mushroom materials • Could lead to safer food supply by preventing toxic compounds from entering the food chain • Offers potential economic benefits to farmers and feed manufacturers • Demonstrates an environmentally friendly approach to dealing with feed contamination

Background

Mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination in feed ingredients is a major concern, affecting over 25% of worldwide crops annually and causing significant financial losses in grain production while threatening human and animal health. Current physical and chemical treatments are ineffective at degrading DON due to its heat stability and low polarity. Biological degradation methods using enzymes may offer advantages by breaking down toxic structures under mild conditions.

Objective

To investigate the potential of manganese peroxidase (MnP) and lignin peroxidase (LiP) extracted from spent mushroom substrate to inhibit Fusarium graminearum growth and degrade DON in simulated digestive conditions.

Results

LiP treatment showed 74.7% inhibition of F. graminearum growth while MnP showed 23.7% inhibition after 7 days. Both enzymes increased chitinase activity and GlcNAc content in fungal hyphae. DON production was undetectable after treatment with either enzyme at 50 U/mL. In simulated conditions, LiP achieved 85.5% DON degradation in pig digestive tract conditions and 67.1% in poultry conditions.

Conclusion

The study demonstrated that peroxidases, particularly LiP, extracted from spent mushroom substrate can effectively degrade DON and inhibit F. graminearum growth. These enzymes show potential as natural antifungal agents and DON-degrading feed additives, though further research on their toxicity and stability is needed before commercial application.
  • Published in:Toxins,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.3390/toxins13010072
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