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The polyphasic approach reveals two new species and two new records of Nigrospora (Apiosporaceae, Amphisphaeriales) associated with Aquilaria sinensis from China

Summary

Researchers discovered two new types of fungi (Nigrospora guangxiensis and N. pubeiensis) living inside agarwood trees in southern China. These fungi, along with two previously known species, were identified using both microscopic observations and genetic analysis. The findings help us better understand which fungi live in agarwood trees and how they might contribute to producing the valuable aromatic resin known as agarwood, which is highly prized in traditional medicine and perfumery.

Background

Nigrospora species are pathogens, endophytes, and saprobes found on various plant hosts. Aquilaria sinensis produces agarwood, a high-value fragrant resinous heartwood used in medicine and commerce. Endophytic fungi, including Nigrospora species, are important for agarwood induction and production.

Objective

To identify and characterize Nigrospora species isolated from Aquilaria sinensis leaves in Guangxi, China using morphological comparisons and molecular phylogenetic analyses. To provide descriptions of new species and new host records for this fungal genus.

Results

Five Nigrospora strains were isolated, revealing two new species (N. guangxiensis and N. pubeiensis) and two new host records (N. oryzae and N. camelliae-sinensis on A. sinensis). Phylogenetic analysis showed N. pubeiensis is most closely related to N. chinensis, while N. guangxiensis forms a distinct basal clade. New species were distinguished by conidial dimensions and conidiogenous structures.

Conclusion

The study enriches the taxonomic framework of Nigrospora with novel data from China through integrated morphological and molecular approaches. Findings underscore the ecological diversity of fungal-host interactions in agarwood-producing trees and have implications for understanding fungal diversity and their roles in agarwood production.
  • Published in:MycoKeys,
  • Study Type:Taxonomic and Phylogenetic Study,
  • Source: 10.3897/mycokeys.121.154055
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