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The Effects of Fungal Feed Additives in Animals: A Review

Summary

This research examines how adding beneficial fungi to animal feed can improve animal health and growth. Fungi like mushrooms and yeasts contain natural compounds that boost animals’ immune systems, reduce inflammation, and help them grow better. The study shows these fungal supplements are safe and effective alternatives to antibiotics in animal feed. Impacts on everyday life: • Healthier livestock means safer and higher quality meat and dairy products for consumers • Reduced need for antibiotics in animal farming helps combat antibiotic resistance • Provides sustainable ways to use mushroom farming waste products • Could lead to lower costs for animal farmers and potentially cheaper animal products • Demonstrates natural alternatives for improving animal health and welfare

Background

Fungi have been present on Earth for at least 2.4 billion years and include 120,000 different species. They have traditionally been classified by morphology but can now be identified by DNA. Fungi can be classified as either edible or fermenting based on their usage. Common edible fungi include Pleurotus eryngii, Flammulina velutipes, P. ostreatus, and mushrooms, while fermenting fungi include probiotics like Aspergillus oryzae. Mature fungi are rich in minerals, vitamins, and probiotics and have powerful antioxidative functions.

Objective

This review aims to explore the use of fungal feed additives and their potential risks, focusing on their effects on animal health and growth performance. The review examines various fungal species, their functional components, and their applications as feed supplements.

Results

The review found that fungal feed additives can enhance animal production performance and health through various mechanisms. Key functional components include triterpenes, polyphenols, ergosterol, adenosine, and fungal cell wall components. These substances demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating properties. Specific benefits included improved growth rates, enhanced feed conversion, increased antioxidant capacity, and reduced inflammatory responses in animals.

Conclusion

Fungal feed additives show significant potential for improving animal health and performance. The recommended supplementation levels are 0.1% A. cinnamomea, 0.5% mushroom waste compost, or 2% C. militaris waste residue. While fungi can enhance antioxidant capacity and fat metabolism in animals and maintain intestinal health, pathogenic fungi should be avoided. The most suitable amount depends on the species and type of fungi used.
  • Published in:Animals,
  • Study Type:Review,
  • Source: 10.3390/ani10050805
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