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The Effect of Hemicellulose and Lignin on Properties of Polysaccharides in Lentinus edodes and Their Antioxidant Evaluation

Summary

This research investigated how different wood components affect the growth and beneficial properties of shiitake mushroom. The study found that adding specific wood components (hemicellulose and lignin) to mushroom cultures improved both mushroom growth and the production of beneficial compounds. These compounds showed strong antioxidant properties that could protect cells from damage. Impacts on everyday life: • Could lead to more efficient and productive shiitake mushroom cultivation • May help develop better natural antioxidant supplements • Provides insights for creating more sustainable mushroom growing methods • Could reduce production costs of mushroom-based health products • Demonstrates potential for converting wood waste into valuable compounds

Background

Lentinus edodes (shiitake mushroom) polysaccharides possess diverse bioactivities and commonly grow on hardwood sawdust composed of hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose. The polysaccharides obtained from L. edodes through water extraction are heteropolysaccharides mainly consisting of glucose, galactose, mannose, xylose and arabinose. Culture conditions, especially carbon sources, play an important role in polysaccharide production and composition.

Objective

To investigate the effect of hemicellulose and lignin on the growth of mycelia and physicochemical properties of polysaccharides from L. edodes mycelia (LEPs), and evaluate their antioxidant properties through radical scavenging assays in vitro and through the Caenorhabditis elegans model in vivo.

Results

Hemicellulose at 4% concentration increased mycelia biomass yield to twice that of control group and raised polysaccharide content by 112.2%. Appropriate concentration of lignin (0.1%) stimulated mycelia growth and polysaccharide biosynthesis. Higher xylose content was found in mycelia cultured with higher hemicellulose concentrations. Molecular structure including weight distribution and configuration type was affected by hemicellulose and lignin. LEPs supplemented with hemicellulose and lignin showed higher radical scavenging abilities in vitro and improved thermal resistance in C. elegans.

Conclusion

The addition of hemicellulose and lignin improved both the biosynthesis and bioactivity of LEPs. Hemicellulose significantly increased mycelia biomass and polysaccharide production, while 0.1% lignin stimulated mycelial growth and LEP synthesis. The carbon source composition affected physicochemical structures and enhanced antioxidant properties both in vitro and in vivo.
  • Published in:Molecules,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.3390/molecules24091834
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