The Effect of Drying Temperature on Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Leccinum scabrum and Hericium erinaceus
- Author: mycolabadmin
- 2019-09-18
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Summary
This research examined how different drying temperatures affect the nutritional and medicinal compounds in two types of mushrooms. The findings show that while drying helps preserve mushrooms for longer storage, it can significantly reduce their beneficial compounds and antioxidant properties, especially at higher temperatures. This has important implications for both consumers and food processors.
Impacts on everyday life:
• Fresh mushrooms may offer more health benefits than dried ones
• Lower temperature drying better preserves beneficial compounds
• Consumers may want to consider using fresh mushrooms when possible
• Food processors should optimize drying temperatures to maintain nutrition
• Storage method affects the medicinal properties of mushrooms
Background
Fresh mushrooms have limited shelf life of only a few days at room temperature after harvest. Drying is a common preservation method, but can affect bioactive compounds. Leccinum scabrum is a widely consumed wild mushroom that forms mycorrhiza with birch trees. Hericium erinaceus (lion’s mane) is a medicinal mushroom used in East Asia with over 80 bioactive compounds showing antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-aging and neuroprotective effects.
Objective
To evaluate how different drying temperatures (20°C, 40°C, and 70°C) affect the content of phenolic compounds, organic acids, ergosterol, antioxidant activity, and 40 elements in fruiting bodies of Leccinum scabrum and Hericium erinaceus mushrooms compared to fresh samples.
Results
Drying generally reduced total phenolics, ergosterol content and antioxidant activity in both species. The greatest reductions occurred at 70°C. Some phenolic acids increased while others decreased. Organic acids showed the highest losses (over 90% for some compounds). Antioxidant activity decreased in order: fresh > air-dried > 40°C > 70°C dried samples. Element content changes varied but were most pronounced for volatile elements at higher temperatures.
Conclusion
While drying allows longer storage and year-round availability of mushrooms, temperature significantly affects bioactive compounds and antioxidant properties. Losses of total phenolics, phenolic acids, organic acids and ergosterol were observed. Changes in element content were likely due to speciation changes. The losses of bioactive compounds likely reduce the health-promoting properties of the dried mushrooms compared to fresh samples.
- Published in:Journal of Food Science and Technology,
- Study Type:Laboratory Analysis,
- Source: 10.1007/s13197-019-04081-1