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Superficial Fungal Infections in the Pediatric Dermatological Population of Northern Poland

Summary

This study examined fungal skin infections in children and teens in Northern Poland over six years, finding that about 1 in 5 children tested had a fungal infection. Different types of fungal infections were more common at different ages—younger children more often had scalp infections, while teenagers more often had foot and nail infections. The study found that children living in rural areas had higher infection rates than those in cities, suggesting that environmental factors play an important role in fungal infection patterns.

Background

Superficial fungal infections (SFIs) are common dermatological issues affecting pediatric populations worldwide, with prevalence varying by region and age. This study addresses the epidemiology of SFIs in Northern Poland, a region where comprehensive pediatric data on fungal infection patterns had not previously been systematically analyzed.

Objective

To assess the prevalence and epidemiology of superficial fungal infections among children and adolescents in Northern Poland from 2019-2024, and to analyze associations between fungal species and sociodemographic factors including age, gender, infection site, and place of residence.

Results

Overall SFI prevalence was 21.4%, with higher rates in girls (25.3%) than boys (16.7%). Microsporum canis and Trichophyton rubrum complex were the most frequently isolated fungi. Age-related patterns showed tinea capitis and tinea cutis glabrae predominating in younger children, while adolescents were more affected by tinea pedis and onychomycosis. Rural patients showed higher infection rates (22.4%) compared to urban dwellers (18.6%).

Conclusion

This study provides updated epidemiological insights into SFIs in Polish children, demonstrating significant influences of age, gender, and place of residence on infection patterns. Findings underscore the importance of accurate diagnosis and suggest the need for further research into behavioral and socio-economic factors contributing to infection distribution.
  • Published in:Journal of Fungi,
  • Study Type:Retrospective Cohort Study,
  • Source: PMID: 40985454, DOI: 10.3390/jof11070533
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