Submerged Culture Conditions for the Production of Mycelial Biomass and Antimicrobial Metabolites by Polyporus tricholoma Mont.

Summary

This research explored how to optimize the growth conditions of medicinal mushrooms to produce natural antibiotics. The study found that specific growing conditions could enhance the production of an antibacterial compound called isodrimenediol from the fungus Polyporus tricholoma, which shows promise in fighting certain bacterial infections. Impacts on everyday life: • Provides new ways to produce natural antibiotics that could help fight bacterial infections • Demonstrates potential for sustainable pharmaceutical production using mushrooms • Contributes to the development of alternative treatments for antibiotic-resistant bacteria • Shows how optimizing growth conditions can make natural medicine production more efficient • Highlights the untapped potential of mushrooms as sources of medical compounds

Background

Basidiomycete fungi of the Polyporus genus are known to produce secondary metabolites with antibacterial properties. However, these substances are produced in small amounts, making it important to study optimal in vitro cultivation conditions to maximize their production. Submerged cultures have potential for higher mycelial production in shorter time periods compared to solid media cultivation.

Objective

To investigate the effects of glucose and lactose concentrations, pH levels, and agitation on biomass concentration and specific growth rate of Polyporus tricholoma. Additionally, to optimize fermentation conditions for the production of antimicrobial metabolites and characterize the antibacterial compounds produced.

Results

The initial pH self-regulated to 5.5, and agitation increased mycelial growth and specific growth rate. Higher carbon source concentrations (4%) increased biomass production. Lactose concentration and static conditions were crucial for antibacterial metabolite production. The main antibacterial compound was identified as isodrimenediol, showing activity against S. aureus with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1.0 mg/mL.

Conclusion

P. tricholoma showed higher biomass production in MALT medium compared to P. tenuiculus. Antibacterial activity against S. aureus was observed during the stationary phase. While agitation and higher carbohydrate concentrations increased biomass production, static conditions with 4% lactose yielded the best antibacterial activity. The main active compound was identified as isodrimenediol.
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