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Soil microorganism colonization influenced the growth and secondary metabolite accumulation of Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb. F.

Summary

Chinese ground orchid (Bletilla striata) is a medicinal plant whose growth and medicinal compound production depend heavily on soil microorganisms. Researchers found that different soil types harbor different beneficial microbes: sandy loam soils boost plant growth, while sandy clay soils increase medicinal compound concentration. Specific microbes colonize different plant parts, with some promoting growth in roots and tubers, while others enhance the production of militarine, a compound with potential anti-aging and cognitive benefits.

Background

Bletilla striata is a perennial medicinal herbaceous plant with valuable therapeutic properties. Soil microorganisms significantly influence plant growth and secondary metabolite production, but the specific mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Understanding how soil microbiota affects plant colonization and metabolite synthesis could optimize cultivation practices.

Objective

To investigate how soil microorganisms from different soil types colonize various tissues of B. striata and influence plant growth and secondary metabolite accumulation, particularly militarine production. The study aimed to identify specific microbes that promote growth or metabolite synthesis.

Results

Sandy loam microorganisms enhanced plant growth while sandy clay microorganisms increased secondary metabolite concentrations. Specific microbes showed tissue-specific colonization patterns: sandy loam contained growth-promoting fungi (Entrophospora, Aspergillus, Fusarium) in roots and bacteria (Sphingomonas, Hyphomicrobium) in tubers. Sandy clay microbes contained metabolite-enhancing organisms (Myrmecridium, Apiotrichum montevideense). Aspergillus versicolor (B-6) isolated from sandy loam soil demonstrated significant growth-promoting effects.

Conclusion

Soil microorganisms selectively colonize different plant tissues and modulate B. striata growth and secondary metabolite production through tissue-specific interactions. Sandy loam and sandy clay soils harbor distinct microbial communities with differential effects on plant development and medicinal compound accumulation. These findings provide insights for optimizing B. striata yield and quality in medicinal and agricultural applications.
  • Published in:BMC Microbiology,
  • Study Type:Experimental Study,
  • Source: PMID: 40335962, DOI: 10.1186/s12866-025-03960-2
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