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Slime molds (Myxomycetes) causing a “disease” in crop plants and cultivated mushrooms

Summary

Slime molds are not true plant diseases but can harm crops by covering leaves and blocking sunlight and water loss. These organisms prefer wet, organic-rich environments and are particularly problematic in mushroom farming. Farmers can prevent problems by managing moisture, improving ventilation, and removing affected materials, with chemical sprays available as backup options when needed.

Background

Myxomycetes are eukaryotic protist predators commonly associated with decaying organic matter in forests. While not true pathogens, myxomycetes can produce fruiting bodies on crop plants and cultivated mushrooms, potentially interfering with photosynthesis, transpiration, and respiration by blocking light and covering stomata.

Objective

This comprehensive review aims to summarize the taxonomic and economic diversity of myxomycetes affecting crop plants and mushrooms, describe various types of myxomycete colonization reported globally, and synthesize cultural and chemical prevention and control measures for agricultural and mushroom production.

Results

A total of 31 crop plant species and multiple mushroom species have been reported with myxomycete colonization, with China showing the most widespread instances. Four orders, five families, and thirteen genera with twenty-nine myxomycete species were identified. Cultural control focuses on environmental management while chemical control primarily uses Bouilliebordelaise, Thiophanate-methyl, and Streptomycin.

Conclusion

While myxomycetes are not true pathogens, their colonization on crops and mushrooms can cause significant economic losses by reducing photosynthesis and plant health. Future research should focus on understanding the genetic and molecular mechanisms of myxomycete-plant interactions and developing sustainable, cost-effective management alternatives to chemical controls.
  • Published in:Frontiers in Plant Science,
  • Study Type:Review,
  • Source: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1411231, PMID: 38916031
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