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Removing the Sporoderm from the Sporoderm-Broken Spores of Ganoderma Lucidum Improves the Anticancer and Immune-Regulatory Activity of the Water-Soluble Polysaccharide

Summary

This research demonstrates that an improved method of processing medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (reishi) spores by completely removing their outer shell produces compounds with stronger anti-cancer properties. The study found that these processed mushroom compounds were more effective at fighting various types of cancer cells and regulating immune system responses compared to traditional processing methods. Impacts on everyday life: – Provides a more effective way to process medicinal mushrooms for therapeutic use – Offers potential new natural treatment options for various types of cancer – Demonstrates how improving processing methods can enhance the medicinal properties of natural products – Could lead to development of more effective immune-boosting supplements – May help reduce side effects associated with cancer treatment through natural compounds

Background

Ganoderma lucidum is a widely studied medicinal mushroom known for its bioactive compounds including polysaccharides that demonstrate anticancer and immunomodulatory effects. The sporoderm (spore wall) of G. lucidum spores contains chitin, calcium and silicon that is difficult to break down. While sporoderm-breaking technology has improved bioactive content release, the spores still contain large amounts of hard outer bilayer sporoderm.

Objective

To compare the chemical properties and anticancer effects of polysaccharides extracted from sporoderm-removed spores (RSGLP) versus sporoderm-broken spores (BSGLP) of Ganoderma lucidum, examining their effects on multiple cancer cell lines and immune regulation.

Results

RSGLP showed higher extraction yield (23.7%) compared to BSGLP (2.7%) and demonstrated higher molecular weight. Both were heteropolysaccharides but with different monosaccharide ratios. RSGLP exhibited stronger dose-efficacy in inhibiting cell viability and inducing apoptosis across multiple cancer cell lines. In xenograft models, RSGLP more effectively inhibited tumor growth and splenomegaly. RSGLP also showed superior effects in reducing inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting macrophage activation.

Conclusion

The study demonstrates that removing the sporoderm completely from G. lucidum spores yields polysaccharides with enhanced anticancer and immunoregulatory properties compared to traditional sporoderm-broken spores. RSGLP showed higher extraction yields, different chemical properties, and superior therapeutic effects across multiple cancer types and immune parameters. This suggests RSGL and RSGLP may serve as promising new generation anticancer agents.
  • Published in:Frontiers in Nutrition,
  • Study Type:Laboratory Research,
  • Source: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1006127
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