Regulatory Networks Underlying Mycorrhizal Development Delineated by Genome-wide Expression Profiling and Functional Analysis of the Transcription Factor Repertoire of the Plant Symbiotic Fungus Laccaria bicolor
- Author: mycolabadmin
- 2017-09-18
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Summary
This research investigates how fungi and trees form beneficial partnerships at the molecular level. Scientists studied the genetic controls that allow fungi to form healthy relationships with tree roots, focusing on special proteins called transcription factors that regulate gene activity. This work helps us understand how these important ecological partnerships develop and function.
Impacts on everyday life:
– Improved understanding of forest health and growth
– Better insights for sustainable forestry practices
– Potential applications for improving tree growth in urban environments
– Knowledge that could help protect trees from diseases
– Understanding that could lead to more efficient reforestation methods
Background
Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi develop mutualistic symbiotic interactions with plant roots. During this process, they undergo developmental transitions from rhizosphere hyphae to coenocytic hyphae forming finger-like structures within the root apoplastic space. These transitions involve profound metabolic changes and substantial transcriptome reprogramming, but little is known about the key transcriptional regulators driving these changes.
Objective
To identify, classify and functionally characterize the transcription factor repertoire of the model ECM fungus Laccaria bicolor and delineate the regulatory networks controlling symbiosis development.
Results
The study identified 285 TFs in L. bicolor, with 191 showing significant similarity to known transcriptional regulators. Expression profiling revealed a core set of differentially expressed TFs in symbiotic tissues, including 12 upregulated and 22 downregulated genes. These TFs resemble known fungal regulators involved in invasive growth, cell wall integrity, carbon/nitrogen metabolism, stress response and fruiting-body development. The analysis suggests each mycorrhizal fungus has evolved its own set of ECM development regulators. The study also identified a new class of potential ECM effectors called Secreted Transcriptional Activator Proteins (STAPs).
Conclusion
The research provides a comprehensive view of the transcriptional regulators required for ECM symbiosis development in L. bicolor. The study reveals that while the morphological changes during ECM development are similar across species, each fungal species appears to use a distinct set of transcription factors to achieve this. The discovery of STAPs as a new class of potential ECM effectors highly expressed in mycorrhizae suggests novel mechanisms for controlling symbiotic root transcriptome.
- Published in:BMC Genomics,
- Study Type:Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis,
- Source: 10.1186/s12864-017-4114-7