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Rapid onsite evaluation in cytomorphology of Hydatidosis: A useful adjunct to diagnosis

Summary

A 45-year-old woman was found to have a cyst in her liver caused by a parasitic tapeworm infection (hydatidosis). Doctors used quick examination techniques on fluid from the cyst, including special stains, to confirm the diagnosis before surgery. This rapid diagnosis was important to prevent serious complications. The case shows how simple, cost-effective examination methods can effectively diagnose parasitic infections.

Background

Human echinococcosis (Hydatidosis) is caused by larval stages of cestodes (tapeworm) of the genus Echinococcus. The liver and lungs are the most common organs affected. Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) can serve as a cost-effective technique for early diagnosis and sample triage.

Objective

To demonstrate the utility of rapid onsite evaluation and routine staining techniques in the diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis of the liver. The study highlights the importance of pre-operative diagnosis to prevent anaphylaxis and local recurrence.

Results

Wet mount preparation revealed mushroom-like structures with hooklets and calcareous corpuscles. Lugol’s iodine staining showed oval to fetal-like structures with numerous hooklets. Toluidine blue staining identified protoscolex and hooklets in a granular background, with confirmation by histopathology.

Conclusion

ROSE with routine stains can effectively aid in the diagnosis of parasitic conditions like hydatidosis. Clinical and radiological guidance combined with wet mount preparation, when done with caution, provides diagnostic accuracy and helps prevent sample contamination.
  • Published in:IDCases,
  • Study Type:Case Report,
  • Source: PMID: 36065215
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