MYCOLab Ai Logo - gold and army green

Quillaja lancifolia Immunoadjuvant Saponins Show Toxicity to Herbivores and Pathogenic Fungi

Summary

Researchers discovered that saponins from a Brazilian soap tree effectively kill harmful fungi and repel insects and snails, offering a natural alternative to chemical pesticides. These plant compounds work by disrupting the cell membranes of fungi and deterring herbivores from feeding. The findings suggest saponins could be used as environmentally friendly pest management tools in agriculture.

Background

Quillaja lancifolia is a saponin-producing tree native to southern Brazil with immunoadjuvant properties. Saponins accumulate in response to various stresses including osmotic stress, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and UV radiation, suggesting a role in plant defense mechanisms.

Objective

To investigate the potential inhibitory role of Q. lancifolia saponins on plant and human pathogenic fungi and two herbivore models to evaluate their application as natural pest control agents and potential biocide molecules.

Results

QB-90 fraction significantly inhibited growth of three phytopathogenic fungi (58-68% inhibition) and showed selective activity against Cryptococcus gattii. Saponins acted as deterrents against both herbivore models, reducing H. aspersa consumption by 36% and S. frugiperda larval weight by 38-51%.

Conclusion

Q. lancifolia saponins demonstrate dual roles in plant defense against fungal pathogens and herbivores, with potential as natural pesticides and environmental-friendly alternatives to synthetic chemicals. The metabolites show promise for controlling phytopathogens and invertebrate herbivores.
  • Published in:Plants,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: PMID: 40284140, DOI: 10.3390/plants14081252
Scroll to Top