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Production of Myco-Nanomaterial Products from Pleurotus ostreatus (Agaricomycetes) Mushroom via Pyrolysis

Summary

Scientists have discovered a new way to create tiny fluorescent particles called carbon nanodots from oyster mushrooms using heat treatment. These particles glow under certain light conditions and show promising ability to fight bacteria like E. coli. The process is environmentally friendly, uses waste mushroom material, and could lead to new ways to treat infections and reduce dependence on antibiotics.

Background

Carbon nanodots (CNDs) are nanoparticles with remarkable properties including low toxicity, water solubility, and tunable fluorescence. Myco-nanotechnology leverages edible mushrooms like Pleurotus ostreatus to produce nanoparticles through sustainable, eco-friendly methods. The use of mushroom biomass offers an alternative to synthetic routes for producing biocompatible nanomaterials.

Objective

This study aimed to develop a sustainable method for producing myco-nanomaterials, particularly fluorescent carbon nanodots from freeze-dried Pleurotus ostreatus via pyrolysis. The research investigated how pyrolysis temperature affects CND characteristics, yield, molecular weight, fluorescence intensity, and antimicrobial properties against pathogenic bacteria.

Results

Product yield decreased from 13.20% at 150°C to 0.80% at 240°C. Maximum molecular weight was 623.20 kDa at 200°C, while peak fluorescence intensity (739.40 A.U.) occurred at 210°C with highest CND concentration (3.74 mg/kg). Strong positive correlation (R² = 0.72) was found between C/N ratio and CND concentration. Notable inhibition of E. coli was observed with pyrolyzed products.

Conclusion

Pyrolyzed P. ostreatus mushroom powder offers a promising platform for producing luminescent carbon nanomaterials with antibacterial potential at optimal temperature of 210°C. These non-purified myco-derived nanomaterials contribute to green nanotechnology development and antimicrobial strategies. Future research should focus on purification, broader pathogen testing, and practical applications in food and pharmaceutical industries.
  • Published in:Pharmaceutics,
  • Study Type:Experimental Research,
  • Source: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17050591, PMID: 40430882
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