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Patent landscape analysis for materials based on fungal mycelium: a guidance report on how to interpret the current patent situation

Summary

This report analyzes patents protecting mycelium-based materials that could replace plastic and petroleum products in construction, packaging, and insulation. Researchers found 73 existing patents and 34 applications, mostly owned by three US companies, with concerns that overly broad patent protections may be slowing innovation in this promising sustainable materials field. The findings suggest that while mycelium materials show tremendous potential as eco-friendly alternatives, patent restrictions need better management to accelerate their development and commercialization.

Background

Fungal mycelium represents a promising renewable resource for sustainable biomaterials with applications in construction, insulation, and packaging. Recent breakthroughs in collaboration between fungal biotechnology and materials sciences have demonstrated potential for replacing petroleum-based materials, yet some patents in this field have created uncertainty about patent protection scope and duration.

Objective

To map and analyze the current patent landscape of fungal mycelium-based materials for technical applications including building construction, thermal insulation, soundproofing, and packaging. The analysis aims to provide guidance on interpreting patent protection and identifying key claims protecting inventions in this emerging field.

Results

The analysis identified 73 granted patents and 34 pending applications. The US dominates with 50 patents/pending applications, while three entities (Ecovative, Mycoworks, and Bolt Threads Inc) control approximately two-thirds of patent portfolios. Patents were categorized into Building/Construction Materials, Textile Materials, Filtration Materials, Chitosan Materials, and Other Materials/Production Methods, with significant variation in protection scope breadth.

Conclusion

Patent developments suggest fungal mycelium materials have been held back by over-protection despite high renewable potential. Coordinated efforts may be necessary to intensify development in this field given the critical need for petroleum-alternative biomaterials to meet net-zero emissions targets in construction by mid-century.
  • Published in:Fungal Biology and Biotechnology,
  • Study Type:Patent Landscape Analysis, Review,
  • Source: 10.1186/s40694-024-00177-2, PMID: 39127744
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