Origin, Adaptation and Evolutionary Pathways of Fungal Viruses
- Author: mycolabadmin
- 1998-01-01
- View Source
Summary
This research explores how viruses that infect fungi have evolved over time and how they are related to each other. These fungal viruses are unique because they can only spread through direct cell contact and typically don’t cause obvious symptoms in their hosts. Understanding these viruses is important for both basic science and practical applications.
Impacts on everyday life:
• Helps protect commercially important mushroom crops from viral diseases
• Provides insights into the evolution of viruses that could inform antiviral strategies
• Contributes to understanding how to use viruses for biological control in agriculture
• Advances our knowledge of virus-host relationships that could benefit medical research
• Improves our understanding of how viruses evolve and adapt over time
Background
Fungal viruses (mycoviruses) are widespread in fungi and have ancient origins. They have co-evolved with their fungal hosts and typically cause symptomless infections. These viruses are transmitted between cells during division, sporogenesis, and cell fusion, without an extracellular life cycle phase.
Objective
To review and analyze the origins, evolutionary relationships, and characteristics of different types of fungal viruses, with particular focus on their genomic organization and phylogenetic relationships.
Results
The analysis revealed that totiviruses have simple undivided dsRNA genomes with coat protein and RDRP genes. Some filamentous fungal totiviruses showed closer relation to protozoan viruses than yeast viruses. Partitiviruses were found to have bipartite genomes with separate CP and RDRP segments. Hypoviruses and barnaviruses showed genomic similarities to plant RNA viruses. The La France isometric virus was identified as having a more recent origin based on codon usage patterns.
Conclusion
Fungal viruses represent diverse evolutionary lineages with varying levels of genome complexity. While totiviruses appear monophyletic and of ancient origin, other mycovirus groups show relationships to plant viruses and more recent evolutionary developments. The study suggests that some mycoviruses existed before the divergence of fungi and protozoa, while others evolved more recently.
- Published in:Virus Genes,
- Study Type:Review,
- Source: 10.1023/A:1007966229595