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Morphological and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses reveal Nigrellomyces gen. nov. and one new species in Pleurotheciaceae from China

Summary

Scientists discovered a new type of fungus in freshwater streams in China called Nigrellomyces aquaticus. This fungus helps break down dead wood in water and is unique compared to other similar fungi because of its distinctive spore structure. The researchers used DNA analysis and detailed observations to confirm this is a completely new genus and species of fungus, adding to our knowledge of freshwater fungal diversity in Southwest China.

Background

Lignicolous freshwater fungi are specialized organisms that colonize submerged woody substrates in freshwater habitats and play essential ecological roles in lignocellulosic degradation and nutrient cycling. Asia has emerged as a global hotspot for lignicolous freshwater fungal research, particularly in regions like Guizhou Province, China, which has yielded numerous newly described taxa. The family Pleurotheciaceae currently comprises 16 genera with diverse asexual morphs exhibiting various conidiogenesis patterns.

Objective

To describe a previously undescribed cordana-like species isolated from submerged decaying wood in Guizhou Province and establish a new genus based on comprehensive morphological observations and multi-locus phylogenetic evidence. The study aims to expand the taxonomic framework of Pleurotheciaceae and enhance understanding of freshwater fungal diversity in Southwest China.

Results

Phylogenetic analyses robustly placed the new isolates within Pleurotheciaceae as a distinct clade. The new genus Nigrellomyces is characterized by macronematous conidiophores, polyblastic conidiogenous cells with denticulate curved apices, and aseptate subglobose to globose conidia. The species displays unique cordana-like conidiogenesis distinct from other Pleurotheciaceae genera with acrodictys-, helicoön-, monodictys-, or dactylaria-like morphs.

Conclusion

A new genus Nigrellomyces and new species Nigrellomyces aquaticus are introduced with strong phylogenetic and morphological support. The discovery expands Pleurotheciaceae taxonomy and contributes to understanding species richness and biogeographic distribution of lignicolous freshwater fungi in Guizhou Province. An updated phylogenetic backbone tree of Pleurotheciaceae is presented improving intergeneric relationships.
  • Published in:MycoKeys,
  • Study Type:Taxonomic Description Study,
  • Source: 10.3897/mycokeys.122.164540; PMID: 41018912
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